Research On The Influence Of “Ability-Motivation-Opportunity” Configuration Effect On Employees’ Ambidextrous Innovation Behavior

At present,the environmental uncertainty is getting worse and worse,and the external competition is getting fiercer.How to improve innovation ability and obtain sustainable competitive advantage has become the focus of more and more enterprises.According to the difference of innovation degree,innovation can be divided into exploratory and exploitative innovation.Different types of innovation behaviors have different characteristics and purposes,and the risks and benefits brought to enterprises are also significantly different.It is easy for enterprises to fall into the "circular trap" of "exploration-failure-unrequited change" or the "capability trap" of "path dependence" by emphasizing one innovative behavior while neglecting another.Realizing ambidextrous innovation is the key to effectively enhance the innovation capability of an enterprise and gain the core competitive advantage.However,it is not easy for enterprises to realize ambidextrous innovation because of the problems of resource competition and cognitive conflict in different types of innovation tasks.Throughout the existing research,scholars have fully explored the antecedents of ambidextrous innovation from multiple perspectives,but scholars have never reached a consensus about how to realize ambidextrous innovation.Existing researches mostly discuss the realization mechanism of ambidextrous innovation based on organizational level,while the factors related to "people" are relatively ignored.As the initiator and ultimate implementer of each enterprise product,process and service,employees are the key to innovation activities,and the ambidextrous innovation of enterprises will eventually be implemented into ambidextrous innovation of employees.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the ambidextrous innovation from the individual micro level and identify the realization paths of different types of employees’ innovative behaviors for promoting the ambidextrous innovation of enterprises.In view of this,based on the integrated analysis framework provided by AMO theory for individual behavior research,this study explores the influencing factors of employees’ ambidextrous innovative behavior from three aspects: ability(A),motivation(M)and opportunity(O),and combines the relevant viewpoints of social cognitive theory.This paper constructs a theoretical analysis model of employees’ ambidextrous innovation behavior,which includes six factors: creative self-efficacy(innovative ability measurement index),intrinsic motivation(innovative motivation measurement index)and team climate for innovation(innovative opportunity measurement index).Taking 248 employees as samples,it explores the complex interaction essence and causal complex mechanism among the multiple factors that affect employees’ ambidextrous innovation behavior,clarifies the realization paths of employees’ exploratory innovation behavior and exploitative innovation behavior,and analyzes their differences and commonalities,so as to realize the enterprise.The research conclusions of this paper are as follows: First,the ambidextrous innovation behavior of employees is the result of many factors,creative self-efficacy,intrinsic motivation and team climate for innovation can’t constitute the necessary conditions of exploratory or exploitative innovation behavior alone.Secondly,there are many equivalent antecedent combinations of exploratory and exploitative innovation behavior,showing the effect of "all roads lead to Rome" and "all roads lead to the same goal",that is,employees with different degrees of creative self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation can achieve different types of innovation behaviors through linkage matching with the elements of team climate for innovation.Among them,there are four ways to realize exploratory innovation behavior,namely,vision goal-task-oriented driving under ability,intrinsic motivationparticipation security driving under ability,vision goal-innovation support driving under ability,and innovation climate-intrinsic motivation synergy;There are six ways to realize exploitative innovative behavior,namely,vision goal-task-driven under innovation support,vision goal-innovation capabilitydriven under innovation support,task-oriented under vision goal-innovation capability-driven,participation security-intrinsic motivation-driven under vision goal,task-oriented under vision goalintrinsic motivation-driven and participation security-innovation support-intrinsic motivation synergy.Thirdly,through the comparative analysis of the multi-paths of the same type of innovation behavior,it is found that the sense of creative self-efficacy is an important factor to realize the exploratory innovation behavior,the vision goal is an important factor to realize the exploitative innovation behavior,and the dimensions of team climate for innovation play different roles in different paths.Fourthly,through the multi-path comparative analysis of different types of innovation behaviors,it is found that the path to achieve exploratory innovation behavior and exploitative innovation behavior coexist in common and individual,and are not the opposite relationship of either-or.The research conclusion of this paper shows that there are differences and connections between exploratory and exploitative innovation,which can’t be generalized.Enterprises should choose the appropriate ambidextrous innovation path according to the specific situation and actual situation,and realize the reasonable matching of various elements,so as to more effectively promote employees to engage in different types of innovation tasks,thus realizing the ambidextrous innovation of enterprises,improving the innovation ability,and finally obtaining the sustainable competitive advantage.