Research On Incubation Efficiency Evaluation Of Provincial Maker Spaces In China

Since Premier Keqiang Li proposed the strategy of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation” in his government work report in 2015,the concept of “double creation”has been implanted in people’s hearts,and the enthusiasm of innovation and entrepreneurship has been rapidly ignited across the country.As an effective carrier of the dual innovation strategy,the maker spaces have been developing rapidly with strong policy support and wide recognition of social capital.By the end of 2020,China’s maker spaces broke through 8507,2202 at national level and 6305 at provincial level.Currently,maker spaces play an increasingly important role in promoting innovation and entrepreneurship,fostering technology-based SMEs and promoting economic transformation and upgrading,and have become the backbone of scientific research results transformation,technology transfer and an indispensable key carrier of scientific and technological innovation.However,compared with the maker spaces in developed countries,the development of maker spaces in China is still at a preliminary stage,and most of them have revealed problems such as weak service consciousness and imprecise service direction,which are not only due to internal reasons such as weak management ability of maker spaces themselves,but also external reasons such as unclear policy orientation and lack of or unreasonable evaluation mechanism.In view of this,in order to give full play to the “visible hand”of the government in the scientific,standardized and effective governance of maker spaces and to enhance the accuracy of policy guidance,it is necessary to comprehensively assess the incubation capacity of different types of maker spaces in each region,and ultimately achieve the goal of categorized guidance,differential treatment,class incentive and effective control of maker spaces by governments at all levels.This paper takes incubation efficiency evaluation of maker spaces as the research object.Based on a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature on innovation theory,service management theory and input-output efficiency theory,the paper takes the definition of important concepts of incubation efficiency evaluation of maker spaces as the entry point,fully draws on the application of DEA model in efficiency evaluation,uses the logical framework method to systematically design the framework of incubation efficiency evaluation system of maker spaces,forms the input and output index system applicable to this study,and empirical studies based on this.This study selected the data of relevant indexes of national filed maker spaces from 2016-2020,and conducted a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the incubation efficiency of national filed maker spaces in China’s provinces and regions from horizontal and vertical dimensions.With the help of input redundancy as well as output deficiency analysis for regions with ineffective DEA,and the super-efficiency DEA model was used to measure and rank the super-efficiency of all decision-making units.The empirical results show that some of the provincial maker spaces in China have redundant resources and insufficient output,unbalanced development in the east and west,weak service awareness and imprecise service direction,insufficient release of scale effect,and mismatch between the incubation services provided,and the services required by the incubated enterprises.On the basis of these problems,policy recommendations for improving the incubation efficiency of China’s provincial maker spaces are proposed in five dimensions: using financial and tax policy levers to revitalize the blood-making function of maker spaces;optimizing resource allocation to facilitate coordinated regional development;strengthening the assessment and evaluation system to enhance dynamic management;improving top-level design to optimize the scale of operation;and improving the incubation service system to enhance the quality and efficiency of incubation.