Analysis On Influencing Factors Of Soybean Production Level In Henan Province

For a long time,China’s soybean supply and demand has been seriously unbalanced.In 2020,China’s dependence on imported soybeans reached84.8%,which greatly threatened the safety of China’s soybean industry.Therefore,China proposes to implement the soybean revitalization plan and resume soybean production.Henan Province is one of the main producing areas of summer soybeans in China,and the sowing area of summer soybean is the second largest in China.However,since 2000,the total soybean yield in Henan Province has decreased significantly,the sowing area has been greatly reduced,the soybean yield per unit is low and lack of stability and leading varieties.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the influencing factors of soybean production level in Henan Province.Combined with grey correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process,taking Hebei Province and Shandong Province as the comparative object,starting from the two aspects of sowing area and unit yield,this paper explores the differences of the effects of various factors on the sowing area and unit yield of soybean in Henan Province,Hebei Province and Shandong Province from 2000 to 2020.The analysis of influencing factors of soybean sowing area shows that:(1)The expected unit yield of corn has the greatest influence on soybean sown area in Henan Province.The small increase of this factor will significantly inhibit the growth of sown area of soybean in Henan Province.The main reason is that there is a long-term obvious gap between the expected unit yield of corn and the expected unit yield of soybean in Henan Province,which will promote farmers to choose to plant corn with more yield advantages,and then inhibit the increase of soybean sowing area.(2)Farmers’ planting experience has a great impact on the soybean planting area in Henan Province,which will limit soybean production to a certain extent.However,the influence of this factor is weakened.The reason is that farmers’ planting will take more comprehensive consideration of factors such as market,policy and technology,which makes the importance of planting experience weakened.(3)The increase of soybean yield per unit area is beneficial to increase soybean sown area in Henan province,but the effect is lower than that in Hebei and Shandong province.This is because among the three provinces,the expected unit yield level of soybean in Henan Province is lower,with slower growth rate and more frequent fluctuations.(4)Compared with Hebei Province and Shandong Province,the sown area of soybean in Henan Province is more vulnerable to the expected cost profit rate of corn,but the least affected by the expected cost profit rate of soybean.The main reason is that the expected cost profit margin of soybean in Henan Province is lower than that of corn,and lower than that of Hebei and Shandong,which leads to the weak influence of this factor.The analysis of influencing factors of soybean yield per unit area shows that:(1)Compared with Shandong Province,soybean varieties contribute less to soybean yield in Henan Province.The reason may be that the unit yield of soybean varieties cultivated in Henan Province is generally low,which inhibits the contribution of varieties to unit yield.(2)Labor input is insufficient in soybean production,and the soybean yield per unit is greatly restricted by labor.On the one hand,the mechanization level of soybean production in Henan Province is low and the demand for labor force is large;On the other hand,the absolute and comparative benefits of soybean production are low,resulting in farmers’ low enthusiasm for production.(3)Soybean yield per unit area is greatly restricted by mechanical operation cost.This is because the rapid growth of mechanical operation fee in Henan Province failed to drive the effective improvement of mechanization level,but increased the production cost of farmers.(4)The input of chemical fertilizer in soybean production is insufficient.The price of chemical fertilizer has been at a high level for a long time and farmers’ wrong cognition of soybean nitrogen fixation characteristics lead to less input of in chemical fertilizer.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: Strengthen the cultivation and popularization of improved soybean varieties;Guarantee farmers’ planting income;Improve the level of comprehensive mechanization;Rational application of chemical fertilizer;Give full play to the management and service role of the government.