The Research On Early Earning And Prevention Of Large-Scale Return To Poverty From The Perspective Of Poverty Vulnerability

After the elimination of absolute poverty,the focus of poverty governance is to consolidate the achievements of poverty eradication and continue to connect with the Rural Revitalization Strategy.The key to consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation is to prevent the return to poverty,especially the phenomenon of large-scale return to poverty.Poverty vulnerability refers to the probability that the impacted people fall into poverty because they are unable to resist the risk under the risk impact.Its causes and internal mechanism are highly related to returning to poverty.Therefore,this paper takes poverty vulnerability as the perspective to study the problem of large-scale return to poverty.Under the theoretical framework of poverty vulnerability,this paper explains the connotation and formation mechanism of large-scale return to poverty from the two dimensions of risk impact and risk resilience and their relationship.Based on the perspective of poverty vulnerability,this paper defines large-scale return to poverty as: in a very close period of time,after large-scale groups in a region suffer the risk impact that their existing risk resistance can not resist,one or more dimensions to measure poverty,such as income,health,education,development ability and social rights,fall back into poverty from non-poverty,resulting in the phenomenon of group return to poverty.Large scale return to poverty is essentially a group problem of regenerative poverty,which is the consequence of the inability of highly vulnerable groups to resist the risk impact.Large scale return to poverty not only has the generality of return to poverty: regional,sudden and controllable,but also has its particularity compared with individual return to poverty.First of all,the quantitative scale of large-scale return to poverty determines that the harm degree of large-scale return to poverty is higher and the treatment cost is greater,showing the scale of destruction.The phenomenon of large-scale return to poverty occurs in a specific space,and its spatial characteristics are manifested in the aggregation of poverty causing factors and the aggregation of highly vulnerable groups as the main supply source of large-scale return to poverty,such as vulnerable livelihood groups,unstable households and marginal households.Space is the carrier of aggregation of risk factors and highly vulnerable groups.Compared with the specific risk shock that induces individual return to poverty,the risk shock that induces large-scale return to poverty often belongs to the overall risk shock.The formation of large-scale return to poverty is the balanced result of the superposition of overall exogenous risk impact and endogenous vulnerability.The former is the objective inducement for the formation of large-scale return to poverty,and the latter is the subjective inducement for the formation of large-scale return to poverty.Overall exogenous risk shocks mainly include public emergencies,market fluctuations,policy failures,etc;Endogenous vulnerability is determined by endogenous population characteristic variables such as health,thought and behavior vulnerability.It is a key factor to measure the feasible ability of individuals,including risk resistance.The gathering of large-scale groups with high endogenous vulnerability and the impact of overall risk are the fundamental reasons for the formation of large-scale poverty return.The formation process of large-scale return to poverty includes four links: risk accumulation,risk energy release,risk resistance and the formation of return to poverty,including two evolutionary models: gradual and abrupt.On the basis of clarifying the connotation and formation mechanism of large-scale return to poverty,this paper puts forward three basic ways to control large-scale return to poverty: first,timely early warning after risk shock,helping high vulnerable groups resist risks together and blocking the formation of large-scale return to poverty;Second,take preventive measures and actively resolve risks before risk shocks,so as to reduce the risk exposure level of highly vulnerable groups;Third,reducing endogenous vulnerability and empowering high vulnerability groups to improve their risk resistance is a permanent and long-term path.Finally,this paper uses the multi case study method to analyze the large-scale poverty return early warning and prevention practice of three typical counties in Sichuan Province,so as to seek practical support for the theory and more practical materials for the theoretical research...