| In recent years,China’s economy growth rate has slowed down,and the GDP growth rate has been on a downward trend for ten consecutive years.The economic development model is relatively rough,and excessive reliance on energy-consuming and low-value-added industries has become a bottleneck restricting the high-quality development of China’s economy.The effective way to solve the current economic predicament is to vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation,but the current scientific and technological innovation in my country has problems such as uncoordinated regional development and lack of innovative talents.The flow of innovative elements such as talents brought about by the opening of high-speed rail can effectively solve these problems.In the context of large-scale construction of highspeed rail,studying whether the opening of high-speed rail can promote scientific and technological innovation and its mechanism of action will help promote the construction of China’s innovative country and future high-speed rail planning.The layout is informative.With the help of theoretical analysis,this paper studies the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on scientific and technological innovation by combining theory and empirical methods.In the theoretical research part,the mechanism of the opening of the high-speed rail to technological innovation is deeply explored from three aspects:human capital accumulation,economic growth,and industrial structure upgrading.In the empirical research part,taking 28 prefecture-level cities in the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object,the propensity score matching double-difference method was used to analyze the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on the technological innovation of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,and to test its temporal and spatial dynamics and patent heterogeneity.Based on the characteristics of high-speed rail at different strategic levels,the differences in the impact of high-speed rail on scientific and technological innovation are tested.Finally,the mediation effect model is used to further test the mechanism of human capital accumulation,economic growth,and industrial structure upgrading as the mechanism of high-speed rail opening on scientific and technological innovation.Based on the findings of this paper,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The opening of the high-speed rail has generally promoted the improvement of the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.At the same time,the improvement of scientific and technological innovation capabilities cannot be separated from the support of government investment in science and technology,road infrastructure construction,and income levels of employees..(2)The impact of the opening of the high-speed rail on technological innovation has obvious temporal dynamics.From the first year after the opening of the high-speed railway to the fifth year after the opening,the opening of the high-speed railway has promoted the growth of technological innovation capabilities,but from the sixth year,the opening of the high-speed railway has The impact on scientific and technological innovation began to disappear gradually;(3)There is obvious urban heterogeneity in the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on scientific and technological innovation.The opening of the high-speed rail does not significantly improve the technological innovation capabilities of cities with large and small populations,and the promotion effect on the technological innovation capabilities of cities with medium-sized populations is significantly positive;(4)The patent heterogeneity test shows that the opening of high-speed railways has a significant positive The increase in the number of invention patents and design patents granted is not obvious,and the increase in utility model patents is significantly positive at the 1%significance level;(5)There are obvious differences in the impact of different strategic levels of high-speed rail on scientific and technological innovation.Among them,the national-level high-speed rail has a higher strategic positioning,connecting more developed cities in the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta and other regions,bringing more information and technology exchanges to the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,and thus has a significant promoting effect on scientific and technological innovation.However,the impact of high-speed rail on the ability of scientific and technological innovation at the local level is not obvious;(6)the opening of high-speed rail promotes scientific and technological innovation through the accumulation of human capital,industrial structure upgrading,economic growth and other mechanisms.Based on the research conclusions of this paper,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions from the following aspects:(1)The government and macrodecision-makers should fully realize the positive effect of the opening of high-speed rail on technological innovation and even economic development,and continue to promote the construction of high-speed rail in the future.In terms of the layout of highspeed rail,it is necessary to focus on the construction of high-speed rail at the local level in the connecting area,so as to drive cities with small populations to integrate into the metropolitan area dominated by core cities.(2)Pay attention to the cultivation and introduction of talents,especially high-level and high-tech talents.First of all,it is necessary to change the concept,shift the focus on the cultivation of talent quantity to the cultivation of talent quality,and improve the existing talent cultivation system.At the same time,we should not only focus on improving the existing talent introduction policy,but also improve the implementation efficiency of the talent introduction policy.In the introduction strategy,it is necessary to carry out targeted introduction in combination with the characteristics of local industries,and pay attention to the construction of supporting facilities for talents,so as to attract talents and retain talents.(3)Promote the integration of regional industrial layout.For core cities with relatively developed industries,the industry agglomeration effect brought by high-speed rail can be used to tilt more policies and funds to the tertiary industry represented by high-tech industries.At the same time,some low-end manufacturing industries can be transferred to nearby small and medium-sized cities.For small and medium-sized cities with relatively backward industries,it is necessary to take advantage of the location advantages brought by the opening of the high-speed rail to undertake the industrial transfer of the core cities,and at the same time,to strengthen the exchange of information and technology with the core cities with the help of the convenient channels brought by the opening of the high-speed rail.(4)In an objective view of the impact of high-speed rail on scientific and technological innovation,the opening of high-speed rail is not a panacea for improving scientific and technological innovation capacity,which will gradually disappear with the passage of time.It should be regarded as a lubricant of scientific and technological innovation,and efforts should be made to explore other ways to improve scientific and technological innovation capacity. |
PDF Full Text Request