Research On Strategies For Improving The Happiness Of Rural Elderly With Five Guarantees In Active-Aging Perspective

Whether a society is happy or not,it is important to look at the happiness of the elderly.General Secretary Xi Jinping has always attached great importance to the issue of aging,and emphasized in the report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that "we will implement the national strategy of actively responding to population aging,develop the elderly care industry and the elderly care industry,optimize services for the elderly,and promote the realization of basic elderly care services for all elderly people.As the lowest,most marginalized,and most difficult group among the elderly population,the negative elderly care status presented by the rural elderly under centralized support has increasingly become the focus of attention.At a critical juncture towards China’s second centenary goal,exploring how to make the elderly with five guarantees in rural areas more happy and fulfilling in their later years under the guidance of active aging thinking has become an urgent practical problem to be solved.Firstly,through the organization and analysis of relevant literature and research,the basic dimensions for improving the happiness of rural elderly people with five guarantees under the perspective of active aging have been clarified: material security,social participation,and mental health.In terms of material security,the main basis is based on the five guarantees of "food,clothing,housing,medical care,and burial" for the elderly in rural areas.At the level of social participation,it mainly includes entertainment and cultural activities and social interaction.In terms of mental health,it mainly includes emotional needs and self realization.Secondly,take L Nursing Home,a centralized support site,as a case to carry out a field research for more than three months.The survey results show that the current rural elderly with five guarantees have not shown a higher level of happiness under the increasingly improved support mechanism.On the contrary,the "complaining" lifestyle,the "solitary" lifestyle,and the extreme behavior in the "pessimistic mood" make the nursing home full of "oppression" and "heaviness".Through further analysis,it is found that economic materialism values,individualism values and negative old people’s views lead to the deviation of the five guarantees elderly’s cognition of happiness,which is the root cause.In addition,insufficient emotional support and an imperfect moral code system are also important reasons for the formation of the problem.Finally,from the perspective of active aging,the path to enhancing the happiness of rural elderly under the Five Guarantees is: firstly,to strengthen the education of Marxist happiness concept,pay attention to "old people have something to do",promote the coordination of material happiness and spiritual happiness,unify personal happiness and social happiness,and enhance the ability of elderly people under the Five Guarantees to perceive happiness;The second is to optimize the structure of active elderly care services,pay attention to personalized differences,take the culture of filial piety and respect for the elderly as the guide,drive the construction of emotional support networks,establish a professional talent team,and enhance humanistic care for rural elderly people with five guarantees;The third is to deepen the reform of the elderly care home systems,with internal information transmission platforms as the guarantee and ethical standards as the basis,improve employee systems,and create a harmonious and happy atmosphere for elderly care.