Research On The Embeddedness Of Foreign Enterprises In Rural Tourism Communitie

In the development of rural tourism in China,enterprises play a crucial role as an important driving force.Researching on the growth of external enterprises in rural areas from an embedded perspective has both theoretical and practical significance.The current research on rural community enterprises mainly focus on the development issues of small tourism enterprises,particularly those of endogenous tourism enterprises.The interaction between external enterprises and rural communities has received comparatively little attention.Therefore,the introduction of embeddedness theory into research on villageenterprise interaction has certain innovative potential and can provide valuable experience for the operation and optimization of capital in the countryside.Based on embeddedness theory,this study constructs a systematic analysis framework for the embedding of foreign enterprises in rural tourism communities and conducts an analysis of their embedding in three aspects: embedding subject,embedding object,and embedding behavior.This paper takes X Area in Tsingtao,Shandong Province as the research case,and takes RY Corporation,a leading enterprise in the community,as the research object.Using the embeddedness theory of the new economic sociology,we use semi-structured interviews and participant observation in the qualitative research method to collect information on the embedding of foreign enterprises in X Area.By coding the collected interview transcripts,field observation notes,and secondary data at each level,the embedding behavior and action logic of foreign enterprises in rural tourism communities were sorted out.The results found that:(1)At different stages of embedding,the embedding behavior of foreign enterprises has obvious purpose and selectivity,for example,in terms of embedding objects,RY Corporation first chooses to befriend government departments,and in terms of embedding behavior,RY Corporation first carries out some "visible" projects to show goodwill to the village.(2)Foreign enterprises have a dual attribute of autonomy and passivity in the process of embedding themselves into rural tourism communities.They are subject to dual constraints of formal and informal systems,leading to varying levels of embedding among different objects of embedding.For instance,RY Corporation displays excessive embedding at the government level,while demonstrating insufficient embedding at the levels of village collectives and individuals.(3)The community embedding of foreign enterprises has two-way causality,and a good embedding mechanism is not only a guarantee for village enterprises,but also a guarantee for village enterprises and the result of the orderly interaction between enterprises and village society.Based on the above findings,this paper proposes the following three countermeasures to address the main reasons for the selectivity and heterogeneity of enterprises’ embedding:low social adhesion between enterprises and communities,weak collective power of villages,and weak villagers’ motivation:(1)Emphasize soft embedding,establish effective channels of communication between village and enterprise,break down information barriers within the community,and increase social cohesion.(2)Strengthen the role of village collectives,enhance training for village cadres,take advantage of the opportunity to develop rural tourism,develop village collective economies,and build a community for village governance.(3)Enrich the industrial ecology,cultivate new farmers,increase the enthusiasm of villagers through income growth,and promote regional coordination and sustainability.An in-depth analysis of the embedding mechanism of foreign enterprises will help to more accurately analyze the constraints in the development of rural tourism communities,and provide realistic guidance value for promoting rural tourism enterprises to take root in the local area and achieve harmonious coexistence with the community.