Study On Livelihood Capital Endowment,Risk-Taking Capacity And Farming Households’ Land Transfer Strategy

“To guide the orderly transfer of land management rights,the development of moderate scale of agricultural operations,explore the premise of farmers’ voluntary,combined with the construction of farmland,land improvement to gradually solve the problem of fragmentation”,which was mentioned in “No.1 central document” for2023.At the macro level,land transfer can solve the current problem of fragmentation of rural farmland,to be concentrated,expand agricultural scale operation,and improve the efficiency of agricultural production;at the micro level,land transfer can increase the income of farmers,promote the transfer of surplus rural labor,increase the non-agricultural income of farmers,and improve the livelihood level of farmers’ families.Farm household livelihood capital endowment is a collection of various resources of farm households or individuals,which is an important barrier for farm households to resist survival risks and pressures in their livelihood activities.The degree of farm household capital endowment affects the strength of farm household livelihood risk and has an important impact on farm households’ land transfer decision behavior.Therefore,it is important to study the relationship between farmers’ household livelihood capital,risk-taking capacity and land transfer in order to promote efficient land transfer and ensure farmers’ livelihood.This study follows the general idea of "problem formulation-theoretical analysisempirical analysis-policy recommendation".Based on the review of related literature and basic theoretical analysis,we propose a hypothesis related to farmers’ livelihood capital endowment,risk-taking ability and land transfer,and construct a theoretical analysis framework of livelihood capital endowment,risk-taking ability and land transfer strategy.On the basis of theoretical analysis,1730 farm household survey data from Jiangsu Province in the China Land Economic Survey(CLES)database were used as samples to measure farm households’ livelihood capital endowment and farm households’ risk-taking capacity using the entropy method.The multivariate logit model and the mediating effect model are further applied to empirically test the effects of farmers’ livelihood capital endowment and risk-taking ability on farmers’ choice of land transfer objects,which provide reference for farmers to make familyfriendly land transfer behavior and adjust land transfer policies.The main findings of this study are:(1)the frequency of farmers’ land transfer out in the sample area is high,but the choice of farmers’ land transfer out object is relatively single.When farmers who took land transfer actions chose the object of land transfer,the largest number of farmers chose farmers as the object of transfer,followed by village collectives,and the smallest number of farmers chose to transfer to professional cooperative organizations;(2)farmers’ livelihood capital endowment and risk-taking ability are affected by various factors,among which natural capital and financial capital have the greatest influence on farmers’ livelihood capital endowment,and household economic status has the greatest influence on farmers’ risk-taking ability(3)Farmers’ livelihood capital endowment has a positive effect on their risk-taking ability and land transfer behavior: the higher the farmers’ livelihood capital endowment,the more willing they are to transfer their land to seek higher off-farm business income and quality of life;the more adequate the farmers’ livelihood capital endowment,the stronger their risktaking ability;farmers’ risk-taking ability has a 16.2% mediating effect in the effect of farmers’ livelihood capital endowment on their land transfer behavior.(4)Farmers’ livelihood capital endowment has a significant positive effect on farmers’ choice of farmers and village collectives as transfer out objects,and risk-taking ability has a significant positive effect on the choice of land transfer out objects.There is a mediating effect of risk-taking ability in the mechanism of livelihood capital influence on the choice of land transfer out objects.This study explores the relationship and interaction paths between farm households’ livelihood capital,risk-taking capacity and farmland transfer strategies from two aspects of transfer out actions and transfer out object selection,and provides references for improving farm households’ livelihood capital endowment and farm households’ risk-taking capacity and promoting efficient land transfer of farm households.The main policy recommendations are: for the livelihood capital dimensions of farmers’ human capital,natural capital,financial capital,physical capital and social capital,differentiated policies for improving farmers’ livelihood capital are formulated around farmers’ skill training,farmland construction,rural financial and public service system construction,and farmland transfer organization cultivation;farmers’ risk-taking ability has a positive effect on rural land transfer out.According to the influencing factors of farmers’ risk-bearing capacity,we enhance farmers’ risk-bearing capacity in many aspects and in all aspects,and establish a system of farmers’ risk sharing and control;we vigorously promote rural land transfer by regulating farmers’land transfer behavior,controlling land transfer risks,and reducing land transfer transaction costs.