| The theory of Self-presentational Perceptive, in recent years, is a topic that has gained renewed interest in research. This research results in the study of the behavior of physical exercise as highlighted in Sport and Exercise Psychology. Sports experts and psychologists have greatly contributed to the research on Social Physical Anxiety (SPA), the indicator that measures self-presentation concerning physical form in exercises. The domestic study on Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS), nevertheless, hasn't been fully utilized since its inception in 2003. After analyzing relevant materials, questionnaires and using the SPAS, this paper attempts to validate this scale as a research methodology. The SPAS will be used to measure physiological and psychological factors of our college students performing various forms of exercises in sports activities. There are four experimental studies, each one is relatively independent, but all are mutually related. This research covers the following parts:Part one: proposes to explain the purpose and importance of the research and establishes the overall frame.Part two: intends to summarize the literature. The concept of Social Physical Anxiety (SPA) and the basic theories are presented respectively, followed by a brief discussion of the relationship between SPA and the motive and behavior of exercises. Then the paper makes a detailed analysis of the relevant research on SPA affected by different types of activities, sporting situations, frequency, and along with how SPA is related to the cognitive and psychological variables concerned.Part three: provides the heart of the research. Using the SPAS, the subjects selected are our college students appropriate to the index Z(?)1. This 12-week experiment studies how various forms and situations of exercises affect SPA and related variables. Four methods are carried out:Method 1: The analysis is conducted among 352 selected subjects that tested high on the SPAS. The results are as follows: (1) Weight is the essential factor to affect their SPA. But secondly, general body shape, especially, waist measurement, is a very important factor. The subjects' subjective perception whether their body shapes are up to standard or not, has a great effect on the formation of SPA, especially, on female subjects. (2) Male subjects take part in more extracurricular exercises than females do. Generally female subjects' participation in exercises and sporting activities is closely related to personal concern of body shape, whereas male subjects do so for personal enjoyment. (3) Male and female subjects prefer to do exercises in pairs rather than in a group situation, however, the least preferred are solo sporting activities. Gender differences are one of the crucial factors that influence the change of SPA in exercise activities. (4) Female subjects differ from males as they believe that dieting controls weight rather than exercising in order to achieve a positive body shape.Method 2: This study examines how strength and stamina differences affect male and female subjects' SPA. The subjects consist of 118 male and female college students and determine what factors have the greatest influence and which gender is influenced most. The results are: (1) The subjects engaged in three forms of exercises: weight training, aerobic activity and a combination of both. In general, the SPA of the subjects showed a decrease in anxiety. (2) Male subjects engaged in weight training show a greater decrease than females. Weight training proves to be the most effective way to decrease SPA for male subjects. However, female subjects engaged in the combination of weight training and aerobic activity showed a greater reduction of SPA than male subjects. The combination of both types of exercises is the most effective way to reduce SPA for female subjects. (3) The above three kinds of exercises can effectively facilitate improved physical condition, physical self-esteem, self-confidence and psychological health. (4) The strength and stamina differences are also affected by the above factors.Method 3: This study used 150 male and female subjects divided equally into 4 groups. The subjects were tested in group and individual performances. The situation of three groups differs from the situation of the fourth group. Situation one involves subjects that were not cognizant of the purpose of the study. Situation two involves the fourth group that was the cognizant of the purpose of the study. The results are: (1) All kinds of exercises in both situations can reduce SPA effectively. Situation two in group performance is superior to situation one in the reduction of SPA. Situation two in individual performance is superior to situation one in decreasing SPA. However, situation one and situation two showed no significant reduction of SPA in female subjects. (2) It is important to consider gender differences in how cognition affects SPA. (3) In both situations, exercise activities can effectively enhance physical health, physical ability, self-esteem, and psychological health. (4) In situation two, both self-esteem and physical ability function as mediators in lowering SPA. If only one mediator is present, self-esteem is the primary mediator. (5) Gender differences in exercise activities have a certain effect on SPA. Method 4: This study focuses on how both short-bouts of exercise and one continuous bout of exercise influences SPA among 43 male and female college students. The results are: (1) The subjects were tested on individual performance. Multiple short-bouts of exercise can effectively reduce SPA while improving the psychological self-esteem and physical ability. (2) Multiple short-bouts of exercise have more positive results than one continuous bout of exercise regarding the improvement of strength. (3) Both genders show equal results adopting either style of exercise: multiple short-bouts of exercise or one continuous bout of exercise. Neither style affects the physical self-esteem, physical self-efficacy and SPA. It may require further study in a larger test group to determine if there is a significant difference in male and female subjects. (4) However, in group performances, multiple short-bouts of exercise is superior to group one continuous bout of exercise in the reduction of male SPA and improvement of male physical ability, whereas the difference is not significant for female students.Part four: explains a 10-week teaching experiment to diagnose the SPA and physiological and psychological factors of 110 female college students. Subjects chose to participate in the following activities: aerobics, hip-pop, basketball and table tennis. The results are: (1) The SPA differs depending on the choice of activities. Those who chose aerobics and table tennis had higher SPA than those who chose hip-pop. (2) None of the activities significantly reduced the SPA in any of the subjects tested. In fact, hip-pop sharply increased the SPA of the subjects that chose that activity. (3) Activities like table tennis can enhance the subjects' self-esteem while the other three activities did not do so. (4) To some extent the four activities can facilitate the health of the subjects. But each activity shows a different degree of success. Aerobics can change the physical structure.Part five: In conclusion, the result of the research is inclusive in the short term and a long term study on SPA is required.
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