Investigation And Countermeasures On Occupational Health And Health Status Of Factory And Mining Enterprise In Urumqi

Objective: Through the investigation of the status quo of enterprises in Xinjiang,the occupational health examinations and occupational stress,burnout and mental health status of Urumqi enterprise employees,obtained the distribution and occupational health status of factories and mines in Urumqi.To study the influencing factors of occupational stress,burnout and mental health status of employees in Urumqi factories and mines,and to establish a model for predicting occupational diseases.Develop occupational health information visualization platform and online prediction platform for occupational diseases.Finally put forward Urumqi occupational health work countermeasures,provide scientific and effective decision-making reference for relevant government departments.Methods:(1)Using census methods to investigate the status of enterprises in Xinjiang,focusing on the distribution of enterprises and the status of occupational health in Urumqi.(2)The stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted for occupational health checkups and occupational stress,burnout and mental health survey of factories and mining enterprises workers in Urumqi that involve key occupational disease occupational groups.The questionnaire for the survey is Effort Reward Imbalance Questionnaire(ERI),Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory(CMBI),and Symptom check list(SCL-90).(3)Using propensity scores,multi-factor analysis,and big data mining of association rules to study factors affecting occupational stress,burnout,and mental health.(4)Use big data mining algorithms to build,screen,and verify occupational disease prediction models.(5)Develop geographic occupational health information visualization platform in combination with GIS geographic information technology,and use big data mining algorithms to develop online occupational disease prediction platform.(6)By understanding the status of occupational health in factories and mining enterprises in Urumqi,analyzing the results of occupational health examinations and occupational stress,burnout,and mental health in factories and mining enterprises in Urumqi,combining reports of occupational diseases and key occupational diseases,occupational patient insurance and occupational diseases and analysis of health information monitoring system data and occupational health risk assessment,put forward countermeasures for occupational health prevention and control in Urumqi.Results:(1)Surveyed 12,902 enterprises across Xinjiang,covering 14 prefecture-level administrative regions and one county-level city directly under the Central Government.(2)Surveyed 3,619 companies in Urumqi covering a total of seven districts and one county in Urumqi.(3)Occupational health examinations were performed on 34,457 people in Urumqi factory and mining enterprises.The results as follows,Detection rate of hypertension is 15.32%,the highest abnormal rate in blood routine was hemoglobin,with an abnormal rate of 25.99%,the highest abnormal rate in urine routine was urinary protein,with an abnormal rate of 8.93%,the abnormal rate of alanine aminotransferase in liver function was 17.04%.Abnormal lung function rate of workers exposed to silicon dust was 33.82%.Abnormal rate of lung function of workers exposed to coal(silica dust)was 13.06%,abnormal rate of lung function of workers exposed to asbestos dust was 6.30%,neutral particles of benzene workers exposed to chemical harmful factors The abnormal rate of cells was 2.85%,the abnormal hearing rate of workers exposed to noise was 4.86%,the positive rate of Brucella in workers exposed to Brucella was 20.30%.(4)A total of 7,500 questionnaires were distributed and 7,315 questionnaires were recovered with a recovery rate of 97.5%.After checking the validity of the questionnaires,7118 valid questionnaires were finally confirmed,with an effective rate of 97.3%.(5)The incidence of occupational stress of employees in Urumqi factory and mine was 44.21%.There was statistical significance in different occupational stress groups exposed to occupational hazard factors such as asbestos dust,benzene,noise,gender,education level,whether to sign labor contract,length of service,working days per week,job burnout and mental health(P<0.05).(6)The incidence of job burnout of employees in Urumqi factories and mines is 86.53%.There were statistically significant differences in the exposure to occupational hazards,such as silica dust,noise,education level,whether to sign labor contract,professional title,work class,monthly income,working days per week,occupational stress and mental health among different burnout groups(P<0.05).(7)The incidence of mental health problems of employees in Urumqi factories and mines was 37.08%.The mental and psychological health level of employees in Urumqi factories and mines is lower than the national norm.In different mental health problems,exposure to occupational hazards such as silica dust,asbestos dust,benzene,marriage,education level,whether to sign a labor contract,work class,age,working age,monthly income,working days per week,working hours per day,occupational stress and burnout were statistically significant(P<0.05).(8)When mining association rules of occupational stress,14 rules are mined according to the minimum support degree of 0.16 and the minimum confidence degree of 0.65.The strongest rule is that those who work more than 7 hours a day and have mental and mental health problems are prone to occupational stress.There are 1388 rules,with the confidence degree of 65.3% and the promotion degree of 1.477.When mining association rules of job burnout,10 rules are mined according to the minimum support degree of 0.29 and the minimum confidence degree of 0.95.The strongest rule is that those who have signed labor contracts and are prone to job burnout due to occupational stress.There are 2749 rules,with the confidence degree of 90.7% and the promotion degree of 1.049.When mining association rules for mental health,the minimum support degree is 0.2,and the minimum confidence degree is 0.43.Ten rules are mined out.The strongest rules are unmarried.Those who sign labor contracts and have job burnout are prone to mental health problems.There are 1957 rules.The confidence degree is 43.1%,and the improvement degree is 1.162.(9)Combining the gray model and the machine learning model algorithm,five hybrid algorithm models were established for occupational disease prediction.The results of the hybrid model were: GM-KNN(MAPE: 26.89%,RMSE: 155.53),GM-SVM(kernel = linear,MAPE: 29.16%,RMSE: 8587.02),GM-SVM(kernel: ploynomial,MAPE: 4.45%,RMSE: 1573.30),GM-SVM(kernel: radial,MAPE: 14.10%,RMSE: 4693.51),GM-SVM(kernel: sigmoid,MAPE: 10.79%,RMSE: 3422.28),GM-RF(MAPE: 6.99%,RMSE: 2090.13),GM-GBM(MAPE: 8.45%,RMSE: 2661.27),GM-ANN(MAPE: 3.49%,RMSE: 1076.60).After verifying the prediction effect and accuracy of the model,it is concluded that the GM-ANN model has the best prediction effect and achieves the lowest MAPE and RMSE.(10)In 2019,26 cases of confirmed occupational diseases were reported in Urumqi,mainly due to exposure to dust,noise and brucella.Most patients were male,accounting for 76.92%.(11)Successfully developed occupational health information visualization platform and online prediction platform for occupational disease,and obtained national computer software copyright.Conclusions:(1)The types of industries in Xinjiang are mainly B(mining industry)and C(manufacturing industry).2.5% of the total number of workers have occupational diseases,3.3% of the total number of workers are exposed to occupational hazards,and 7.7% of the total number of people exposed to occupational hazards have occupational diseases.Urumqi is the region with the largest number of enterprises,total number of workers,cumulative number of occupational diseases and total number of people exposed to occupational hazards in Xinjiang.(2)Urumqi enterprises are mainly B(mining industry),C(manufacturing industry),D(electricity,heating power,gas and water production and supply industry),E(construction industry),F(wholesale and retail industry),and T(international organization).2.8% of the total number of workers has occupational diseases,2.6% of the total number of workers are exposed to occupational hazards,and 10.6% of the total number of people exposed to occupational hazards have occupational diseases.High tech Industrial Development Zone(new urban area)and Midong district are the regions with the largest number of enterprises,total number of workers,cumulative number of occupational diseases and total number of people exposed to occupational hazards in Urumqi.(3)Physical examination was carried out on 34457 people from enterprises in Urumqi.It was found in the general health examination that the abnormal detection of hypertension,blood routine and urine routine among workers of factories and mines in Urumqi was mainly among men aged from 60 to 69.The main occupational hazard factors involved in factories and mines in urumqi include coal(silicon)dust,silica dust,asbestos dust,benzene and noise.Manufacturing and mining industries are more correlated with coal(silicon)dust,silica dust,asbestos dust and benzene occupational hazard factors,while construction industry is more correlated with noise,agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,by-products and fishery are more correlated with brucellosis.(4)Exposure to occupational hazards such as asbestos dust,benzene and noise will increase the risk of occupational stress of employees in factories and mining enterprises.Male employees with higher education level,shift work day and night,long working time and high intensity are more likely to have occupational stress.Occupational burnout,mental health and occupational stress are positively related.(5)Exposure to occupational hazards such as silica dust and noise will increase the risk of job burnout of employees in factories and mines.Employees with low education level,no labor contract,low professional title,shift work,low income and high labor intensity are more likely to suffer from job burnout.Occupational stress,mental and mental health are positively related to job burnout.(6)The mental and psychological health level of employees in Urumqi factories and mines is lower than the national norm.Exposure to occupational hazards such as silica dust,asbestos dust and benzene will increase the risk of mental health problems of employees in factories and mines.Employees with high education background,low professional title,shift work,high working age,low income and high intensity work are more likely to have mental health problems.Occupational stress,burnout and mental health are positively correlated.(7)Propensity score and association rules can be used as an effective research method for the analysis and research of occupational stress,burnout and mental and mental health.Through comparative verification,propensity score can be used to eliminate the bias in the research of questionnaire survey and make the research results scientific and reliable.Association rules can effectively mine the relationship between research factors and provide a reference for the study of influencing factors.(8)The GM-ANN model has the best prediction effect and can be used for the prediction research of occupational diseases.(9)The prevalence of occupational diseases in Urumqi is higher than the average level in Xinjiang.Occupational diseases are mainly occupational pneumoconiosis and infectious diseases.Urumqi occupational disease network reports are good,but there is still room for improvement.However,the timely implementation rate of occupational injury insurance benefits is low.Needs to be further improved.(10)The occupational health information visualization platform realizes real-time,dynamic,and interactive visualization of occupational health survey data.The online occupational disease prediction platform implements the online occupational disease modeling and prediction function.The platform can assist occupational health management and decision-making.(11)Suggestions for occupational health countermeasures in Urumqi include: the first is to coordinate and integrate the management organization and set up the top-level design framework,the second is to establish a joint prevention and control network and implement the construction of the management system,the third is to improve the rules and regulations and the working legal system,the fourth is to innovate the work thinking and try disciplines cross integration,fifth,strengthen the construction of talent echelon and optimize the professional skills team,sixth,introduce cutting-edge science and technology to help occupational health prevention and control.