The Status Of Awareness, Treatment And Control Of Hypertension Among Adult People In Fuxin, Liaoning Province

BackgroundHeart disease and cerebrovascular disease are the major causes of death among Chinese adults. And the first risk factor of death is hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension in China increased persistently due to the development of economy and the change of lifestyle. Hypertension has become a public health issue nowadays.The objective of this study was to estimate the status of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in Liaoning rural areas. That will be helpful for providing scientific evidences to improve the public health care condition in that place ,indeed to reduce the onset of stroke and hypertensive associated coronary heart disease, and raise the quality of life for rural population.MethodsThe participants were selected by a cluster sample method from 7 towns according to the different directions in Fuxin rural areas of Liaoning Province.The blood pressure measurements were obtained by trained observers by use of a standardized electric sphygmomanometer after a 5-minute sitting rest. Information on history of hypertension and use of antihypertensive medications was obtained by use of a standard questionnaire. Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP)>140mmHg ,diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg , and/or use of antihypertensive medications. Data base was set up by Epidata software. The independent risk factors for influencing awareness, treatment, and control were analyzed by using logistic regression analysis.Results1. General conditionOverall, 29970 people were selected, including 15122men and 14848 women. The mean ages of all participants were 35-99 years old ( x|-±s:51.25±11.89 y) and the effective rate was 99%.2. Awareness, treatment and control of hypertensionThe prevalence of hypertension among all participants was 36.2%. 27.0% of those with hypertension were aware of their diagnosis. Among all hypertensive patients, 22.6% of them took antihypertensive medication to treat their high blood pressure. However, only 1.0% of them achieved their blood pressure control.More women were aware of their hypertension than men in all age groups. Women also got a better condition in treatment.. Among women, awareness was most common in 55-64 years groups, whereas men in 65 years or elder age group were most aware of their hypertension. The best condition of treatment appeared in 65 years age group (24.4%) in men and 55-64 year age group in women (34.1%) . The treatment rate of women was highest in 35-44 year age group, and for men the highest treatment rate appeared in 44-45 year age group.3. Mean BP levelsAmong all participants, mean SBP increased by age increasing. The SBP and DBP of people who had controlled their blood pressure were 6.6mmHg and 2.1mmHg higher than normotensive, respectively. Treated hypertensive patients' mean blood pressure was 168.6/97.5mmHg, which was 15.9 mmHg higher in SBP and 6.2 mmHg higher in DBP compared with untreated hypertensive patients.4. Rates of awareness, treatment and control in different groupsOverall, the rates of awareness, treatment were higher in women, high school education level, non-smoker, non-drinker, overweight or obesity, and people who had a higher school education level or higher, and the one with hypertensive family history. People who never drink and had hypertensive family history had higher rates of control.ConclusionThese results indicated that the prevalence of hypertension in Fuxin rural areas was high but the rates of awareness, treatment and control were much lower. Meanwhile, the mean BP levels of treated hypertensive patients were high. Finally, we should focus on people who were men, getting lower education level, heavy manual workers and patients complicated with other risk factors of hypertension, such as overweight, obesity, smoking and hypertensive family history, which of them had bad conditions of awareness, treatment or control.