Investigation Blood-Occupational Exposure Among Nursing Staff

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the current status of blood-occupational exposure among clinical nursing staffs in Chongqing and to explored the differences of knowledge as well as behaviors among them. The influencing factors associated with blood-occupational exposure were also analyzed. We hope that our study conclusions could provide the theoretical foundations that can not only improve nurses'protective consciousness, but standardize the operational conduct and guide corresponding measures.METHODS:Collecting data by the means of layering random sampling method, 1270 nurses are sampled from 20 hospitals in ChongQing. and the status of blood-occupational exposure,knowledge, behavior in these nurses were investigate by Self-designed questionnaires. All data collected were analyzed by SAS8.0 software.RESULTS:1. The average rate of correct answers about knowledge of blood-occupational exposure was 57.85%. of the total, the kinds of the blood transmissible diseases and safety injection was known better than cognition to the risk infection, route of infection and the ability to dealing with occupational exposure. Furthermore, there were significantly different in the rate of the correct answers among nurse staff in different working age, academic qualification, profession title, employed way, grade hospital( p<0.05).2. The average score of nurses'self-protection is 23.70 of total score 40, the score ranged from 11 to 35. The factors influence nurses'self-protection were habituation manipulations, such as recapping the needle, conducting the abandoned sticks. Furthermore, there were not significantly differences in different the scores of self-protection among vary kind of nurses( p>0.05).3. It reveals that among 1164 nurses there was 73.63% (857) who experienced body fluid exposure. 90.18% (1057) nurses experienced needle stick injury (NIS), and only 166(15.70%) had officially reported their NSI to management during the previous 12 months. In addition 190(17.96%) had anxiety. The needle stick injury took place in working behaviors, such as dispensation, recapping the needle, pulling out the needles, conducting the abandoned sticks. .4. There was no significant correlation between self-protection knowledge and behaviors(r=0.0199 p=0.499). Nurses'working age, profession title, behaviors and management level of protection were the main factors which influence the incidence of needle stick injury.CONCLUSION:1. Nursing staff lacked of protecting cognition of occupational exposure. Occupational protection training should be pay more attention to nurses who in lower-grade hospital, lower academic qualification, lower profession title, lower working age, and the ones who are not on the pay check.2. Nurses were the high risk group in needle stick injury and body fluid exposure, so we should teach and urge them to change their wrong patterned behaviors and then to form a good operational habit.3. Security regulatory regime of occupation should be established and perfected. Meanwhile ,preparation for first aid of nurses'occupational exposure and psychological direction should be make sure.