| Objective:To analyze the situation of epidemiological characteristics, distribution characteristics, risk factors,serum lipid and drug compliance of elderly hypertensive patients through investigating epidemiology and risk factors of elderly hypertensive patients in Hexi District of Tianjin. In order to further develop our public health and disease control policy.Methods:Study objects with 6702 elderly persons in Hexi District of Tianjin. demographic characteristics, hypertension history and family history were selected by questionnaire investigation and face-to-face interview. Serum lipid and blood sugar were detected in some of sample. The data were divided into different groups according age, sex, BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, FBG, class of hypertension to analyze and compare respectively.Results:1.The mean of SBP and DBP were 137.27±20.71 mmHg and 78.42±9.12 mmHg respectively in the target population. Both means of SBP and DBP increased progressively with age for men and women. The means of SBP and DBP were higher for the population of over weight, obesity, abdomen obesity and IFG., both means of SBP and DBP increased progressively with the growth of BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR and FBG..2. Of 6202 subjects in this study,2716 were diagnosed as the patients of hypertension. The crude prevalence and the standardized prevalence of hypertension were 43.8% and 41.8% respectively. The male prevalence of that were 40.6% and 38.7%, and the female prevalence of that were 46.4% and 44.3%, the female prevalence of that was higher than the male (P=0.000). The male prevalence of hypertension increased with age increasing, and so did the female (trend chi-square testχ2male=13.537, P<0.01; trend chi-square testχ2female=26.148,P=0.000).The prevalence of hypertension were 47.0%,44.7%,41.2% and 40.2% for people with primary school education and below, junior high school education, senior high school and junior college education, college education and above. The prevalence of hypertension decreased with education increasing (P=0.000).For workers, people of the business, teacher, scientists and doctors, the retired and the unemployed, the prevalence of hypertension is respectively 26.2%,25.2%,44.9% and 42.3%,there was significant difference between occupations (P=0.000). For the divorced and bereaved,the normal married, the prevalence of hypertension is respectively 48.2% and 42.4%,there was significant difference between different marry condition (P=0.000).3.The prevalence of hypertension of underweight, normal weight group, over weight and obesity were respectively 22.1%,36.4%,46.2% and 63.8%, obesity is the highest, underweight is the lowest (P=0.000).The prevalence of hypertension increased with BMI increasing (trend chi-square testχ2=237.957, P=0.000). The prevalence of hypertension of abdominal obesity group was higher than normal group (P=0.000).4.Among the hypertensive patients, the prevalence of hypertension of grade 1,2,3 were respectively 22.3%,12.6% and 8.8%, grade 1 hypertension patients is the highest, grade 2 the second,and grade 3 the lowest (P=0.000), the proportion of those is respectively 51.0%,28.8% and 20.2%,there were no significant difference (P=0.287). The prevalence of ISH is 26.7%, the other is 17.1%, the proportion of ISH, IDH and SDH were respectively 61.0%,2.0% and 36.9%, ISH was the highest, SDH the second, and IDH the lowest (P=0.000).5. Age, education, occupation, hypertension family history, BMI, WC, TG and FBG were the independent and significant factors influencing hypertension. 6. The hypertension awareness, treatment, control and control rate of the treated were respectively 68.2%, 64.1%,18.5%and 28.9%, the male of that were respectively 66.7%,61.6%,20.0 % and 32.5%, the female of that were respectively 69.3%,65.8%,17.5% and 26.5 %, the female of treatment rate was higher than the male (χ2=5.507, P=0.025), the male of the treated control rate was higher than the female (χ2=7.233,.P=0.007).7. Among the hypertension patients, over weight, obesity, the abnormal rate of TG, TC, HDL-c, LDL-c and the total abnormal rate of serum lipid were significant difference between the male and the female (P<0.01),the male of over weight and the abnormal rate of HDL-c were higher than the female, the female of the other were higher than the male.8.TC and TG were significant difference between different class of hypertension (P<0.05).TC, TG, HDL-c, LDL-c and FBG were no significant difference in different type of hypertension (P≥0.05).9. TG, HDL-c,LDL-c and FBG were significant difference between different class of BMI (P<0.01).The level of TG, LDL-c and FBG increased with BMI increasing, the level of HDL-c decreased with BMI increasing. The level of TC, TG, LDL-c and FBG of abdominal obesity group were higher than normal group, the level of HDL-c decreased with BMI increasing. The level of HDL-c of abdominal obesity group was lower than normal group, part of them were significant difference (P<0.01).10. The level and abnormal rate of serum lipid of the female were higher than the male, part of them were significant difference between sex (P<0.05).11. The compliance rate was 67.1% and non-compliance was 32.9%. Regularity of home blood pressure monitoring, types and frequency of medication were the independent and significant factors influencing medical compliance. The patients use one kind of antihypertensive drug was 71.3%, the first three were the traditional Chinese medicine, CCB and compound preparation. The proportion of them were respectively 25.6%,24.8% and 21.3%.Better drug compliance of the first three kinds of drugs were CCB,the traditional Chinese medicine and compound preparation. The proportion of them were respectively 28.1%,22.7% and 21.8%.The proportion of drug combination was 21.5%, the proportion of consistent with prevention and treatment of Chinese hypertension guidelines was 26.9%.Conclusion:The mean of SBP and DBP of elderly hypertensive patients in Hexi District of Tianjin were higher than National level.The crude prevalence and the standardized prevalence of hypertension were higher, the female prevalence of that was higher than the male,the highest was group of 70～79 years.The prevalence of hypertension of grade 1 was highest among different class of hypertension, the prevalence of ISH was highest among different kind of hypertension. Age, education, occupation, hypertension family history, BMI, WC, TG and FBG were the independent and significant factors influencing hypertension. The hypertension awareness, treatment, control and therapist control rate were lower than United States and other developed countries.The prevalence of metabolic diseases among hypertension patients was higher than national level. The situation of CPAT was bad, to implement of hypertension guidelines, promote health education, choose the best treatment options, and call to action on use and reimbursement for home blood pressure monitoring could improve Compliance of Patient with Anti-hypertension Therapy.
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