| Currently, chronic diseases have become the first killer among Chinese. As one of the most common chronic diseases and cardiovascular disease, hypertension has become a major public health problem in both developing and developed countries. Hypertension is characterized by three-high (higher prevalence rate, mortality rate and disability rate) and three-low (lower awareness rate, cure rate, and control rate). Hypertension prevalence is a group phenomenon, thus the prevention and cure of group diseases should be community-crowd based. Present studies show that the most effective way to control hypertension is intervention prevention and cure based community-crowd. Therefore, good community-management of hypertension, comprehensive intervention by health education main, strength of prevention and treatment consciousness in the whole family establishiment of health belief for helping patients and elevation of compliance for patients'non-pharmacological treatment are favorable for profecting health of community-residents, improving the unhealthy life style, controlling blood pressure effectively, and reducing complication; moreover, medical cost would be reduced, and health resources would has a rational use.The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of hypertension and provide scientific evidence on preventive interventions for hypertension by investigating hyperte-nsion and the related factors on middle-elderly city community residents in Taishan District of Tai'an City.ObjectiveIn this cross-sectional study, we can know that the prevalence of hypertension, epidemiological characteristics and the related factors on middle-elderly city community residents in Taishan District of Tai'an City. Furthermore, this study provides scientific evidence on preventive interventions for high risk people. Specific research objectives as followed:①To know the blood pressure level of middle-elderly city community residents in this District.②To describe the high level of nomal blood pressure and current epidemic situation of hypertension;③To analyze the main risk factors of hypertension prevalence for providing scientific evidence to instituting special health policy and intervention measure suited for the development of the region;④To improve health consciousness of community residents, to reduce hypertension complication, to explore the appropriate Health Education Mode, and to construct appropriate and effective Hypertension Management Mode in community.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study on investigation of hypertension and the related factors in urban communities of Taishan District. Two-stage sampling method was used to conduct a epidemiological investigation by extracting resident population aged≥35 years from Daixi Community and Houqi Community. A number of 1974 urban residents were seclected in this study (921 male and 1053 female). The investigation content was comprised of questionnaire and physical examination, which were examined by trained investigators in accordance with the common measurement methods and quality control. SPSS 17.0, SAS 9.1 and PEMS 3.1 software were used to a statistical analysis. Risk factors for hypertension were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression and factor analysis.Results1. The proportions of age and gender were comparable among the groups (P>0.05); the sample have consistent internal composition with good comparability.2. A number of 625 people were hypertensive patient in the survey population, and the prevalence rate was 32.2%; patient with mild, moderate and severe hypertension were 436, 147 and 42, respectively; the corresponding prevalence rates were 22.4%,7.5% and 2.1%, respectively.3. The levels of SBP and DBP in different age groups heightened with the increase of age; male had a higher SBP and DBP level than female (P<0.05).4. The prevalence rate of hypertension rised from 16.69% to 54.13% with the increase of age; the prevalence rate of hypertension for male was higher significantly than that for female (P<0.05); the prevalence rates of mild, moderate and severe hypertension presented a rising trend followed the increase of age (P<0.05); blood pressure distribution between male and female was significantly different (P<0.05), and the prevalence rates of mode, moderate and severe hypertension for male were higher than those for female, respectively.5. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the underweight people was 50.00%(14/28); he normal pressure of hypertension prevalence was 20.48%, while overweight and obesity prevalence of hypertension was 37.65% and 47.90%, after testing different body mass index, prevalence of hypertension were significantly different (P<0.05); In addition to low weight group, other groups of mild hypertension, moderate hypertension, severe hypertension prevalence increased with body mass index the rise.6. High TC and high TG hyperlipidemia hyperlipidemia prevalence rates in all age groups there were significant differences (P<0.05), hyperlipidemia prevalence of high TC age 56 the highest,32.08%, hyperlipidemia prevalence of high TG rate the highest in the 66～age,28.42%; Although high LDL-C hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C prevalence rate of hyperlipidemia in the≥76-year-old and 66 to the maximum age, but both tests in all age groups not statistically significant. Dyslipidemia prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher than normal prevalence of hypertension among lipids (P<0.05); the blood pressure classification, the normal blood lipid and blood pressure, abnormal blood lipid groups also different grade distribution, abnormal lipid groups hypertension at all levels of blood lipids were higher than normal population (P<0.05).7. The survey related to serum lipid levels and blood pressure analysis showed that only TG and SBP and DBP-related (P<0.05), correlation coefficients were r=0.616 and 0.535.8. Blood glucose into normal blood glucose, abnormal blood sugar, diabetes three levels, three levels of blood pressure levels and hypertension prevalence by test no difference was not significant (P>0.05).9. Prevalence of hypertension among people with heart rate of 67.61 percent, rather than the prevalence of hypertension among people with heart rate 28.41%, the prevalence of hypertension there are two significant differences (P<0.05); the classification of blood pressure after mild hypertension, moderate hypertension and severe hypertension prevalence is higher than the non-heart attack heart disease among populations (P<0.05).10. Logistic analysis showed that hypertension risk:gender, age, alcohol consumption and body mass index, are suffering from heart disease, family history of hypertension, blood pressure self-test frequency, blood lipid risk factors for hypertension status, and education level, milk, on the reality life satisfaction is a protective factor of hypertension.11. Influencing Factors of hypertension analysis:the major influencing factors of hypertension and physical condition, its structure, bad living habits, genetic, and economic culture, food and eating habits have a greater relationship. 12. Logistic risk classification of blood pressure after the analysis:hypertension protective factors for the education, regular consumption of milk, and hypertension risk factors for sex, exercise frequency, body mass index, high TG hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, blood pressure self-test frequency, whether the risk of heart disease, family history of hypertension.Conclusion1. This study showed that urban communities in Taishan District hypertension in elderly people was 32.2%, including mild hypertension prevalence was 22.4%, moderate hypertension prevalence rate was 7.5%, a high prevalence rate was 2.1%.2. Survey of different age levels, SBP and DBP and the prevalence of hypertension increased with age, a gradual increase in SBP and DBP levels for men and the prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher than females.3. In addition to low weight group, other groups with mild hypertension, moderate hypertension, severe hypertension with increasing body mass index tended to rise.4. Dyslipidemia population prevalence of hypertension and the mild, moderate and severe hypertension was significantly higher than normal blood fat people, and TG and SBP and DBP showed a linear correlation.5. Patients with heart is often accompanied by hypertension, the missionary and the health knowledge of hypertension prevention and control in reducing cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality has very important significance.6. Male, age increases, the regular alcohol consumption, overweight and obesity, have a family history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia populations higher risk of hypertension, is a risk factor for hypertension; and often measure their own blood pressure, strengthen the cultural knowledge and health care knowledge and learning, regular consumption of dairy foods, regular physical exercise, on the reality of life satisfaction among hypertension have fewer opportunities for the trend, a protective factor for hypertension. |
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