The Research Of Musical Instruments In The Book Of Songs

The research of musical instruments in The Book of Songs is chosen as the thesis' main focus of attention. Based on The Book of Songs text, the author inspects and research the date of musical instruments in classical academic history, musical unearthed relics, ancient characters written on tortoise shell and metal and contemporary investigation, and the author's concrete train of thought is as follows: firstly, clearing out the date of the Songs academic history; secondly, tracing back to the realistic objectives of the musical instruments in The Book of Songs; thirdly, seeking the historical origination of the instruments, especially the relationship of the same kind instruments in The Book of Songs, such as the series musical instruments made by bamboo. In a word, based on the Songs academic history, integrated with musical unearthed relics and historical documents, the study is attempted to discuss its nature in history.The thesis consists of the following four parts. In the introduction, the author discusses the questions with two main points: First is reviewing the Songs academic history. Secondly, after a brief accounts about the musical instruments in The Book of Songs, the author points out three questions which will be discussed in the following.The second chapter deals with the formation of "ying" (应) and "tian"(田), especially "tian". Firstly, the author systematically analyzes the discussion of "tian "in the Songs academic history and divides its into four aspects, the difference and proof between the opinions mao(毛说) and zheng(郑说) ; the arguments of the scholars of mao ,zheng and others. Secondly, based on the discussion, the author analyzes the performance and the meaning of the dump named jian (建鼓) ,and comes to a conclusion that "ying" is a small dump, "tian" is a big dump, which can be saw in the musical unearthed relics.The third chapter deals with the formation of "ya"(雅), "nan"(南) and "yue"(籥). It divided into two respected which the author summed up as follows: (1) According to the ancient age, the author gives detailed arguments of three periods for the academic history of this problem in historical documents as han, song and qing.(2) Researching the old character of "nan ", Guo Moruo thinks it is musical instrument, Tang Lan thinks it is crockery and Chen Zhi thinks it is bamboo ware. The author discusses those opinions and comes to a conclusion that "nan" is performed differences in the history as musical instruments.The forth chapter centers on the series musical instruments made by bamboo. Firstly, by analyzing the characters written on tortoise shell and metal, the author think "yue"(龠) is the earliest wind instrument, the realistic objectives is jiahuguyue (贾湖古龠), and it become the meaning of the series musical instruments made by bamboo. Secondly , contrasting "yue" with other musical instruments made by bamboo, such as "yue" (籥) "xiao" (箫)"chi (篪)"di" (篴)"guan" (管). The author come to a conclusion that yue (籥), xiao chi are formed from yue(龠); di is the another name of chi; guan is indicated to the whole name of wind instrument and the shape of the series musical instruments made by bamboo.