Shanghai Hongkou District, The Status Of Preschool Children Obesity And Its Impact Study Of The Factors

BackgroundWith the rapid social and economic development worldwide, the prevalence of obesity among children was rising continully. In the past 25 years, the prevalence rate increased more than one time trend, the global incidence of overweight and obese children had more than doubled. According to the WHO report about the burden of disease, the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in children worldwide was close to 10%. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity among children aged 0 to 6 in 19 districts in Shanghai 2002 were 9.76% and 4.82% respectively . A study from Xuhui District, Shanghai in 2008 showed that, of 5501 children in nurseries, the rate of overweight was 12.34%, the rate of obesity was 8.22%. Childhood obesity not only causes the movement difficulty and the sense of inferiority for Children, but also was related with adult hypertension, diabetes and so on. The influencing factors of childhood obesity were very complex. It is certain comparatively that obesity is the caused by both genetic and environmental factors.ObjectivesThe overall objective is to examine the current status of preschool children's overweight and obesity in Hongkou District, Shanghai and the relationships between possible factors and children's overweight and obesity so as to provide the clues for preventing the obesity. The specific purpose of the investigation is to describe the status of preschool children's overweight and obesity in two communities in Hongkou District, Shanghai; to investigate the possible facters by using self-designed questionnaire; to examine the relationships between possible factors and children's overweight and obesity by using Chi-square test and multifactor logistic regression with SPSS 16.0 software package.Materials and MethodsHeight and weight data were come from the data of health examination this year. Questionnaires were revised several times in the pilot survey. Forty-eight relevantvariables were included in the questionnaire, including demographic characteristics(sex, age, education and occupation of parents);.maternal pregnant histroy, diet and daily life activitiesof children, health concept and related behaviors of the parents.Two communities in Hongkou district were chosen for the study, using the stratified-cluster ranmdom sampling The kindgarden children aged 3-5 in two selected communities were enrolled in the survey. The data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0 software package. Chi-square test and multifactor logistic regression were used to determine the relationship between those influencing factors and children obesity.ResultsNine hundered fourty nine children were enrolled in the final study, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 10.1% and 13.2%. The results of Chi-square test and multifactor logistic regression analyses showed that single parent family (OR=7.102), quick meals intake (<15min, OR=2.204), excessive weight gain during pregnancy (≥15kilogram, OR=1.900), "parents think obesity is no big deal" (OR=5.052), "parents think their child is overweight" (OR=14.568) related to children obesity;"parents think their child is thin" (OR=0.272) resulted as a protective factor of children obesity.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity are highly prevalent in preschool children in this district. Our results provide further evidence that higher obesity prevalence is associated with single parent family, meals intake too fast, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, parents'poorly understanding about children obesity; Also,parents'correct health concept was a protective factor of children's weight.