The Ancestral Hall Is Set "position Words

ZutangJi, a twenty-volume zen records, was edited by two bonzes―Jing and Yun of Zhaoqing Temple in Quanzhou in the Nantang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties. It was completed in the Baoda tenth year of the Nantang Dynasty(952 A.D.),so it is one of zen annals in the earlier history. This precious literature have ever been lost in our country.The language of ZutangJi reflects the characteristics of the half classical Chinese and the half modern Chinese, and is a of the mixture of the two kinds of Chinese. Its language format presented the pluralism for the plentiful absorption of the refined words, proverbs, dialects and mandarin language of the time ( the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties). It is the important datum to study the language during the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, therefore the language has high value for research.The paper aims to do some grammatical research on the direction words. A few modern theories of words analysis were taken to describe and analyze characteristics of direction words in ZutangJi.First of all ,This thesis chooses the representative direction words, such as"shang","xia","zhong","nei","jian","li","wai","qian","hou"etc., and have a research of their usage of postposition. From the two aspects of the concrete meaning and the abstract meaning of these words, their semantics and grammatical structures were analyzed.The thesis puts more emphasis on the comparing of the direction words with similar meaning.The author also generalizes the usages of the compound direction words.Second,according to the former research of postposition , some basic postpositions including"chu","suo","bian"were chosen to analyze their semantic and grammatical structure.Third,these fixed word combinations such as"cizhong","bizhong","cijian","bijian","zheli","nali","yanqian","muqian","tahou","xunhou","xianghou","chuchu","suichu","yiqiechu","shenbian"etc,appear frequently in ZutangJi.So they are the targets of this research. In addition, this thesis make a study of the history of those word combinations, which have a great influence on the modern chinese.Fourth, through the diachrony study of those typical direction words.the author tries to find out the rule of the evolvement of direction words and focuses on the semantic transformation from concrete meaning to abstract meaning of these words.5. The thesis makes a study and comparision of recent dynastic sutra,zen literature and popular literature with ZutangJi and presents the characteristics of direction words in zen literature.The thesis analyze the typical direction words in ZutangJi by the means of grammaticalization,lexicalization and cognitive linguistics .