Pharmacognosy, Windmill Grass

Fengchecao is the herb of Clinopodium chinense O. Kuntze van grandiflorum (Maxim.) Hara (Labiatae), the varietas of Clinopodium chinense (Benth.) O. Kuntze, which is used as hemostasis drug in the rural area. It grows in the Northeast and Hua bei area of China. In this thesis, the chemical constituents, plant character, microscopical character of tissues, microscopical character of powders, and pharmacological actions of Fengchecao were reported. The main research results were stated as follow:1. The original plant, the scientific name, plant character, microscopical tissues character, microscopical powders character of Fengchecao were studied.2. The chemical constituents of Fengchecao were studied. Ten compounds were isolated and eight were elucidated on the basis of physical-chemical method, spectral analysis and by comparison with some authentic samples. Compound 5 and compound 8 were new. They were elucidated as:β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2).buddlejasaponin Ivb (3), buddlejasaponin IV (4), 3β,16β,28-trihydroxyoleana-11, 13(18)-dien-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1â†'3)-(β-D-g]ucopyranosyl-(1â†'2)]-β-D-fucop yranoside (5), didymin (6), ursolic acid (7), and 2a, 3β,21β-trihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic-21-β-D-glucopyranoside (8). All of the eight compounds were isolated from Fengchecao for the first time.3. The method of the TLC qualitative analysis and HPLC quantitative analysis of Fengchecao were set up for the first time.4. Pharmacological actions were studied on the different extraction from Fengchecao. The results showed the ethyl acetate and buthanol extracts had obvious pharmaceutical activity.