| 1. Analysis on the Epidemic Characteristics of AIDS in Luwan districtObjective To understand the epidemic situation and the characteristics of AIDS in Luwan district. Methods Analysis was made on the epidemiological data of112cases of HIV/AIDS discovered since1999to2011and on the data from aids surveillance and epidemiological management in different populations during2002to2011in Luwan district. Results Since the first case was reported in1999, there have been112patients with HIV/AIDS in Luwan district. Those cases mainly imported from outpatients, VCT, STD patients, pre-operative and prisoners, and so on. The constituent ratio was36.6%,28.6%,12.5%,10.7%,6.3%, respectively. There were53native cases (47.3%) and59cases (52.6%) coming from other provinces. Among total patients,101(90.2%) were male, and892(9.8%) were female; the ratio of male to female was approximately9:1. The patients’age ranged from6to78years old. Native patients aged30-59accounted for79.2%, the age of20-29and60and above are both9.4%. Patients coming from other provinces aged20-49accounted for86.6%. After2010, the native cases reported have raised sharply. The native cases reported during the period of2010-2011accounted for46.9%of total native patients. Among total patients,35cases (31.3%) were transmitted through heterosexual contact,39cases (34.8%) were transmitted through msm,13cases(11.6%) were infected by blood(non injection drugs using),14cases were infected through injecting drugs,1case(11.6%) was infected by mother-to-child transmission. All of the native patients whose age were over60years old were transmitted through sexual contact, and50%more-than-60-year-old patients coming from other provinces were transmitted through sexual contac. The time that patients from HIV processed into AIDS is not all the same (P<0.05). After2009, more and more HIV infectors processed into AIDS patients within short time. Among total AIDS patients,40cases accepted antiretroviral therapy,35cases survived, and the urvival rate was87.5%. Conclusion Although the overall AIDS situation is considered to be at low endemic in Luwan district, it shows that high prevalence.in particular population. Sex has become the major route of transmission of AIDS, especially the speed of hiv epidemic in MSM is rapidly rising. The method of HIV transmitting is more secret. Attention should be paid to the elderly male in the spread of AIDS. In order to find HIV infectors as much as possible, we should to expand the coverage of HIV monitoring and testing. We also should to treat patients that newly registered cases of HIV with antiretroviral drugs to to enhance the treatment effect.2. A survey on the KAP of AIDS in Female Sex Workers in Luwan districtObjective To explore the status of HIV/AIDS related knowledge, AIDS related risk behaviors and its influencing factors as well as the acceptance of VCT and its influencing factors among female sex workers in Luwan District. Methods a total of450FSWs were selected using convenient sampling method and conducted the survey in person with a self-designed questionnaire. Results The rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among FSWs was57.8%, the knowing rate of AIDS infection routes was65.6%and49.0%to knowing rate of preventive. The rate (25.3%) that awareness the inpossibility of transmission by mosquito bites is lower than other. Only24.2%of FSWs admitted using condom in every commercial sex during the last month. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the influential factors of using condom in every commercial sex among FSWs are the time of living in Shanghai, received hiv testing last three months, the attitude to the phenomenon of multiple sexual partners and the number of male partners that had sex with last month. There are61.3%FSWs preferred to accept VCT test. It shows that the influential factors of accepting VCT test are monthly income and the awareness rates of aids-related knowledge among FSWs. Conclusion We should to develop of health education about sexually transmitted diseases and aids and for the implementation of behavioral intervention among the FSWs as soon as possible. We also should to implement condom use program for prevent std/hiv in entertainment establishments. In order to increase the rate of awareness about VCT and HIV testing, We should to strengthen the publicity and to focus on the content about FSWs.3. A survey on the KAP of AIDS in drug users in Luwan districtObjective To explore the status of HIV/AIDS related knowledge, AIDS related risk behaviors and its influencing factors as well as the acceptance of VCT and its influencing factors among drug users in Luwan District. Methods a total of197drug users were selected using convenient sampling method and conducted the survey in person with a self-designed questionnaire. Results The rate of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge among drug users was67.6%, the knowing rate of AIDS infection routes was65.6%. The rate (17.3%) that awareness the inpossibility of transmission by mosquito bites is lower than other.18.2%intravenous drug users reported the sharing of injection equipment last month. Only20%of drug users admitted using condom in every sex with temporary partner during the last month. It is pointed out that there are no measurable factors related to needle sharing by Logistic regression analysis. It shows that the influential factors of accepting VCT test is the awareness rates of aids-related knowledge among drug users. Conclusion We should to develop of health education about aids and for the implementation of behavioral intervention among the drug users to increase the awareness rate of aids-related knowledge. We also should to increase the rate of awareness about VCT and HIV testing by giving more publicity on VCT. |
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