A Study On The Chemical Constituents From The Leaves Of Cinnamomum Camphora

Cinnamomum Camphora is widely distributed in China and mainly planted in thesouthern provinces, such as in Fujian and Taiwan. As known that Cinnamomum Camphorais the most representative species of tropical and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest.In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars had done some researches in the chemicalConstituents and biological activity of the Cinnamomum Camphora. The study found thatthe main chemical Constituents from Cinnamomum Camphora were volatile oil, alkaloids,flavonoids, lignin, organic acids and Zi alcohol. Then the further study of the biologicalactivity of the crude extracts from the stems, leaves, roots, fruits and seeds ofCinnamomum Camphora had demonstrated that the crude extracts all have biologicalactivity, mainly related to antibacterial, preservative, insecticide, anti-oxidation,anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. However, studies in these areas were notsystematic or comprehensive. Most of the studies were limited to the areas of GC-MSdetection of volatile components and biological activity of the crude extracts. Therefore, itis necessary to do a systematic and comprehensive research on the chemical compositionand the types of active components.The chemical compositions from the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora were detectedand analyzed by three ways as following: detecting the volatile components of fresh leavesto determine the main ingredients by GC-MS; inferring what may contain non-volatilecomponents in the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora fastly, easily and accurately byLC-MS; separating and purifying the chemical compositions from the leaves ofCinnamomum camphora by Silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Polyamide columnchromatography and so on, which were all traditional extraction, separation, identificationmethods, and identifying the structures of these compounds by spectral data (1H-NMR,13C-NMR, ESI-MS), physical and chemical properties.The study shows that97volatile components from the leaves of Cinnamomumcamphora were detected by GC-MS.64compounds were identified, which wereaccounting for98.09%of the total volatile content. The volatile components of the leavesfrom Cinnamomum camphora were sesquiterpene and monoterpene-based, which wereaccounting for30.71%and37.74%respectively. Which contents accounted more than1%were camphor (30.72%), caryophyllene (5.78%), caryophyllene oxide (5.33%), bicyclicmyrcene (4.29%), alpha-Humulus grass-ene (3.2%), sandalwood alcohol (3.74%), bergamot oil ene (2.31%), alpha-pinene (1.72%) and camphene (1.59%), which were themain volatile components from the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora.The non-volatile constituents of the leaves of Cinnamomum camphora were detectedby LC-MS. It showed that39non-volatile components from fresh leaves may exist, whichwere flavonoids, derivatives, lignans and alkaloids.By traditional extraction, separation and identification methods, the active ingredientsof the leaves from Cinnamomum Camphora were extracted with methanol and then werefractionated by organic solvent. The chemical constituents of n-butanol and chloroformextraction were isolated and purified by macroporous resincolumn, Silica gel, SephadexLH-20and Polyamide column chromatography. Eleven compounds (1-11) were isolated.And nine compounds’ structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis as following:kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), quercetin-3-O-β-D-rhamnopyranoside (2),quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4),schizandriside (5), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (6), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7), neo-sesamin (8) and maculatin (9). Compound1was isolated fromCinnamomum spp. for the first time. Compounds4,5and8were isolated from Lauraceaefor the first time.