Study On The Legislation Of Urban Public Transportation In China Under The Development Strategy Of Public Transport Priority

Urban public transportation is an important part of transportation services, it is not only a social undertaking which can meet people’s basic travel, but also is an important infrastructure and livelihood project of a city. Promoting the health development of urban public transportation is quite essential, because it can help to alleviate urban traffic congestion, to improve urban living environment, and to promote sustainable economic and social development. Nowadays, the urban public transportation of our country has achieved rapid development. Various regions have tried to accelerate the updating work of the buses, the optimization of the line network, and the infrastructure construction of the city. They have also make innovations of the services and improved the quality of services, thus expanding the coverage of urban public transportation services. These measures have made a positive contribution to the steadily promoting of the urbanization construction in China.Before the year of2008, the management mode of the urban public transportation in China is "dominated by the construction sector and supplemented by the transportation and the police department". In2008, the institutional reform of the State Council put the city public transportation function of the construction department under the administration of the newly formed Department of Transportation, which lays a solid foundation for the establishment of a genuine integration of urban traffic management system. Our country began to implement the development strategy of public transport priority in2004. In the end of2012, the State Council issued guidelines on urban public transport priority development, which is a symbol of the formal establishment of the public transport priority strategy. Since then, the urban public transportation has been developing faster and faster. However, due to the lack of laws and regulations of China’s urban public transportation management, many problems have occurred in the management of the public traffic in our country, such as the disunity of development policies, abnormal management systems, low level of the services and so on. These problems are harmful to the implementation of the development strategy of public transport priority and the rapid growth of the urban public transportation.China’s present legal system of urban public transportation is still incomplete and low level, and the legislative standards are not unified. While the State Council has introduced urban public traffic regulations to solicit views from the community on many occasions, the administrative rules and regulations have not been introduced so far. Therefore, how to make laws on the public transportation is an urgent problem at present. Accelerating the construction of legal system of urban public transportation and constantly improving the regulation system of the city public traffic is the objective need of the future development of the cities in China, it is also the need of the perfection of the transportation laws and regulations and the effective implementation of the public transport priority strategy."One can remedy one’s own defects by accepting another’s good suggestions". The legislation experience of foreign countries is worth learning, such as the construction of the public traffic regulation system, the clear and definite governmental responsibility, compensation for the public transportation, helps to the urban disadvantaged groups, promotion of the fair competition and so on. China has also been actively exploring in the public transport legislation, the State Council has issued guidelines on urban public transport priority strategy, and has developed urban public traffic regulations (draft for soliciting opinions). These practices have laid a solid foundation for the legislation of urban public transportation in China.On the basis of drawing on the international experience in urban public transport legislation in major countries and regions and giving full account of the current situation of China’s urban public transportation legislation and the development of public transportation, this paper is going to elaborate the establishment of the city public traffic regulation system which is oriented by the public transport priority. In addition, the paper discusses the legislation of the city public traffic mainly in the following aspects, they are the legislative purpose, legislative principles, legislation system and the legislation contents. In order to guarantee the effective implementation of the public transport priority strategy, we must form a complete set of city public traffic regulation system. Only in this way, can we promote the health development of urban public transport in our country.