Research On Watershed Ecosystem Health Assessment Of Xiaoqing River

The deterioration of ecological environment has become one of the key factors that restrict the sustainable development of regional social economy.The Xiaoqing River Basin plays an important role for the economic development of Shandong province and the construction of ecological civilization.Healthy environment has an important significance to maintain ecological security and guarantee sustainable development of economic and society of the Xiaoqing River Basin and even the province.This study is based on the ecological health of Xiaoqing River Basin as the research object,based on the survey of ecological environment in Xiaoqing River Basin in 2015.We constructed an ecological health evaluation system,and studied the water and land ecosystem health in Muli Zhuang,Wuliu Zha and other 6 assessment units of the Xiaoqing River Basin.Then we concluded the health level and ecological distribution characteristics of the Xiaoqing River Basin through the quantitative and qualitative analysis,which could help us identify key priority objects for priority conservation and management of waters and land ecosystems.The main conclusions in this paper are as follows:1.Xiaoqing River Basin pollution control effect was remarkable.On the one hand,the Xiaoqing River water quality improved significantly.In Xiaoqing River,the main pollutants(COD and ammonia nitrogen)concentrations decreased significantly,the annual average concentrations of COD and ammonia nitrogen were 23.04mg/L and 2.20mg/L in 2015,compared to 2008 decreased by 53.2%and 81.9%respectively.On the other hand,the biodiversity increased significantly.Fish has been restored to 27 species.And the diversity index of phytoplankton and zooplankton is better than that of the late 80s.2.The main land use types in the Xiaoqing River Basin was farmland.Compared to land use in 2008 and 2015,the area of construction land,grassland and forest land increased,while the area of wetland,unused land and farmland decreased.The soil erosion in the Xiaoqing River Basin was dominated by micro-erosion which was distributed in the northern plains of the basin.Moderate and above soil erosion area was relatively less,and mainly concentrated in the southern mountainous areas.The water conservation situation of Muli Zhuang assessment unit was good;the water conservation situation of Wuliu Zha assessment unit was poor.3.The ecological health status of the Xiaoqing River Basin was overall at"general" level,scoring 58.68.Between the evaluation units,the best level of ecological health was Muli Zhuang assessment unit and it was at "good" level,scoring 63.96,which was the source of the Xiaoqing River.Whereas,the ecological health status of Wuliu Zha and Xinfeng Zhuang assessment unit were relatively poor,at "general" levels,scoring 48.41 and 57.50,respectively.Ecological health status of the Tangkou Qiao-Xi Zha,Fanli Cun and Wangdao Zha were at "good" levels,scoring 60.36?60.17 and 61.69,respectively.The general characteristics of ecological health status in Xiaoqing River Basin was that the source of river basin was the best,the middle and upper reaches of the basin was relatively poor and the downstream basin gradually restored to "good" level with self-repairing function and reducing of pollution load.The research on ecosystem health assessment the Xiaoqing River Basin can provide theoretical support and basis for environmental planning,management,ecological protection,which is of great significance to the maintenance of ecological health.