Advances In Facial Rejuvenation Techniques In The Last Five Years

objective:Facial rejuvenation is the most concerned issue in the field of plastic surgery.Facial rejuvenation technology is developing rapidly,but there is still a lack of systematic review according to various technical characteristics.This paper intends to systematically review the facial rejuvenation techniques reported in the relevantarticlesin the past five years,and to discuss the efficacy and complications of various facial rejuvenation techniques.method:Pubmed,the Cochrane Library,Embase,Chinese biomedical literature database(CBM),China hownet(CNKI)data were collected for Cohort study and casecontrol study which all about facial rejuvenation technology related literature database,retrieval keywords:face-lift,rhytidectomy and techniques,facial rejuvenation,time limit for between January 2014 and January 2019,read after the exclusion of literature,and then according to the inclusion criteria in full reading literature.Finally,data of the includedarticles were extracted,evaluated and discussed.results:We studyed initially 1254 articles,and 109 articles were finally included after excluding the unqualified articlse.Documents are graded according to the new Oxford Centre for EBM levels of Evidence on document types.The facial rejuvenation technique can be divided into traditional surgery,minimally invasive surgery and non-surgical surgery.Traditional operation includes:Subcutaneous rhytidectomy,SMAS and Deep plane compound rhytidectomy.Non-traditional surgery(minimally invasive)includes:Minimal access cranial suspension lift,Endoscopic wrinkle removal,Buried line wrinkle removal and so on.Traditional surgery for wrinkle removal:the SMAS of different parts can be suspended and folded purposefully to achieve the improvement in multiple directions,and the excess skin can be removed.The facial rejuvenation effect is ideal and can be maintained for a long time.Disadvantages:large incision,long recovery time,postoperative hematoma,skin necrosis,infection,facial nerve injury and other complications are relatively more.Unconventional rhytidectomy:through a small,hidden incision,the fascia is fixed and lifted,and at the same time,the muscle layer is activated,which can tighten the loose skin and make the whole face look younger.Compared with traditional rhytidectomy,it has the advantages of small incision,concealment,short recovery time and relatively low incidence of postoperative complications.Disadvantages:for the elderly patients with severe skin sagging,the effect of facial enhancement is limited,and the duration of efficacy is shorter than that of traditional rhytidectomy.The evaluation methods for facial youth include subjective,objective and comprehensive scale of social life quality,etc.Common evaluation tools include:surgeon satisfaction,patient satisfaction,WRSR scale,Likert scale,GAIS scale,fps-r scale,Face-Q scale,etc.conclusion:1.The efficacy of SMAS and compound rhytidectomy in traditional rhytidectomy for facial rejuvenation is confirmed,and the surgical techniques are mature.2.More and more attention has been paid to non-traditional facial rejuvenation technologies such as minimally invasive and injection.3.Reasonable preoperative medication and intraoperative adjuvant preparation are worthy of attention in improving the efficacy and reducing postoperative complications.4.Further study is needed to evaluate the efficacy of facial rejuvenation..