A Study On The Extra-school Teaching Of Southern Jiangsu's Primary Schools In The Republic Of China(1912-1937)

Under the guidance of scholars and teachers who are influenced by foreign educational thoughts and the reference to the "grand tour" practice of foreign students,as early as the end of Qing Dynasty in China,students started to hiking and study tourism.At the same time,the history of "unity of knowing and doing" in our country,the superior geographical position in the southern part of Jiangsu Province,the social ethos to be adopted by the society and the open and inclusive cultural atmosphere make the special teaching activities such as "extra-school teaching" get pregnant and developed in southern Jiangsu area.The Extra-school Teaching in primary schools in southern Jiangsu fully grasped the standard of curriculum standards once again and the new trends in the transition of academic system,which added impetus to the reform and development of education in southern Jiangsu.The primary schools in southern Jiangsu rely on the state of their own schools for reference and absorption of Western educational thoughts such as "Children's Center Theory," "Pragmatism," and "Design Teaching Methodologies." Firmly grasp and implement the curriculum standards and characteristics of various subjects,according to the school district,tourism and cultural resources,combined with the needs of students,interests,etc,carried out the “ Extra-school Teaching",fully demonstrate the child's position.This paper,from the perspective of modern curriculum and teaching theory,takes the Republic of China(1912-1937)as a time node,reading and arranging Extra-school Teaching books,syllabus and reports,and teaching plans,magazines and newspapers,Local literary and historical materials and other documents and materials,the article analyzes the four courses of Chinese,geography,nature and art from the goals,contents,methods and evaluations of the Extra-school Teaching,and presents the progress of the Extra-school Teaching in Southern Jiangsu during the Republic of China.This paper summarizes the characteristics of the education outside the school of South of Jiangsu primary schools,and explores the enlightenment to the reform of the contemporary basic education curriculum.Based on the analysis and research of historical materials,the following conclusions are drawn: firstly,the early development of primary school education in south jiangsu is closely related to the economic,cultural and education background of the region.Secondly,in terms of the implementation of each subject,Emphasis is placed on respecting the autonomy and physical participation of students in learning.Thirdly,its development has experienced from reference and imitation of the west to base on their own education practice,adjust measures to local conditions,to design teaching method,the change of unit teaching,comprehensive practice teaching process.Fourthly,the combination of theory and practice is the core of its value,which contains the cultivation of children's sense of reason,aesthetic sense and moral sense.