Research On The Constructionalization And Inheritance Relations Of Rhetorical Construction "X Shenme (什么) Y"

This paper studies the constructionalization and the inheritance relationship of the rhetorical construction"X Shenme(什么)Y"in spoken Chinese,based on the theory of construction grammar,constructionalization and grammaticalization.Based on the research results of predecessors,this paper examines its construction process,evolution mechanism and conditions and the inheritance relationship with related constructions from a diachronic perspective.From the synchronic point of view,this paper analyzes the formal characteristics and meaning of this construction.Combing the academic research results,it is found that the existing research is limited to the segregated use of acrostic or verb-object structures at the synchronic level,and has not considered the fact of language development and evolution.This paper explores the evolution of the construction of"X Shenme(什么)Y"from a diachronic perspective,and obtains the pre-Qin definitions of"He(何)X zhi you","shi He(何)yan ye"and"you He(何)X".The generalization of verbs developed the construction of"V Shenmo(什摩)O"in the Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties.During the Song Dynasty,it expanded to the double-syllabic compound word"XY",and introduced the"X Shen(甚)Y"construction.Modern Chinese extended to adjectives,nouns and other genres,and finally formed the"X Shenme(什么)Y"construction.And construct the inheritance network of this construction and related constructions of the same period.Then,the mechanism and conditions of the development and evolution of the construction were explored.The mechanism of"X Shenme(什么)Y"has interrogative pronoun substitution;on the basis of the constructionalization of"you He(何)X",the class introduces"V Shenme(什么)O";Negative meaning depends on the speaker’s subjective attitude towards the content of the proposition.The conditions for constructionalization are as follows:the rhetorical construction"X Shenme(什么)Y"has a fuzzy syntactic relationship and reduced analyticity,semantic wear,weakening of the inquiry function and enhancement of the negation function,construction expansion,contextual influence and frequent use of typical constructions.From a synchronic perspective,analyze the formal characteristics and constructional meaning of the rhetorical question construction"X Shenme(什么)Y".Findsing that whether"XY"is the source of quotations will affect the construction.In descriptive usage,the nature of"XY"is more limited,mainly verb phrases and verbs,and only a few adjectives;in descriptive usage more liberal,nouns and interjections can also enter this construction.And refine the semantic type of"X Shenme(什么)Y",summarize the construction meaning of descriptive negation and citation negation respectively,and construct the internal hierarchy diagram of the construction.