| In Ecology, wetlands are between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the transition zone, and also there are two types of certain features of the system, Its surface to repulse covering or its water near the surface. Wetland ecosystem in Changsha not only provides a large number of production and living water, animal and plant products and other resources, and it plays an important role in regulating the climate and the flood water, degrading contaminants and landscaping, also a lot of important wildlife habitat. Wetlands have irreplaceable value for rare and endangered species preservation and continuation. Researching for Changsha Municipal wetland ecosystem function value, one hand, the human impact of wetland ecosystem growing on service value of knowledge has been primarily in intellectual circles from the past, developed to gradually recognized by the public, and to some extent already begun to affect social decision-making; on the other hand, Changsha wetland environment on socio-economic activities in residents living in an increasingly significant, urban wetland ecological systems by offering a wide range of resources, the decontamination, buffering, and super strong since capacity could affect people's daily life. This research summary and analysis of the system at home and abroad wetland especially urban wetland ecosystem services value on the basis of the study, established the Changsha Municipal wetland resources for the study of objects, to ecosystem structure and function of the relationship between the main line services, evaluation of wetland landscape value of ecosystem services and its impact factor. This article is the first systematic studies of wetland ecosystem structure and evaluation ecosystem services value in Changsha. Purpose is to reveal the Changsha Municipal wetland ecosystem structure, functional characteristics and impact factor, identification of wetland ecosystem services factor, scientific assessment of wetland services value; for rationality and correctness of the decision to provide convincing evidence of wetland ecosystems and promoting sustainable development. Major findings include:1) Researching of the Changsha wetland type structure and distribution, water resources and biological resources in Changsha wetlands; urban wetlands including permanent rivers, freshwater lakes, herbaceous swamps, reservoirs, dam building, hydropower dams, of fresh water aquaculture ponds, farm ponds, a small sink, wastewater treatment facilities, urban landscape of water and irrigation water surface, the entertainment channel, Canal, constructed wetland type.2) Analysis of the Changsha Municipal Wetland distribution; urban wetland landscape patch are not uniform; urban landscape wetlands consist of lakes, Freshwater ponds mainly be scattered ecotone. Freshwater ponds is the highest number of wetland type.3)Comprehensive evaluation of the Changsha Municipal wetland ecological features integrated effectiveness; one of the most high is permanent rivers, the character immediately following it is a freshwater pond, then landscape water; farm pond, a small pond; reservoir, dam building, hydropower dam; irrigation ditch, drainage; wastewater treatment facilities. Freshwater lakes and herbaceous swamps two natural wetlands in Changsha city wetland has no distribution.4) Analysis of the Changsha Municipal Wetland integrated value of factors; They was affected urban wetland in two areas that were the type of urban wetland landscape and its spatial pattern and socio-economic development. Socio-economic development is critical factors. Social factors include in human interference or human ecological demand levels, regional land use and ecological pressures, etc.5)Assessment of the Changsha Municipal wetland ecosystem services; including material production, water conservation, climate regulation, flood water, clean environment, provide habitats, leisure, culture and education, etc. Its services value is＄133.092 million/a, of which, direct value＄18.113 million, the total value of 13.61%, indirect value＄114.979 million, the total value of 86.39%, much higher than the value directly. Direct value, the most is the carbon value of 74.358 billion/a, total value of 55.87%; this was followed by the transfer of the flood water value, material production value, the value of water conservation and Habitat value, respectively, reached＄26.883 million/a,＄10.004,＄8.109, and＄6.479, respectively of the total value of 20.20% and 7.52% and 6.09% and 4.87%; and purifying water value, leisure and tourism, and the smallest is cultural research value.6)Use CVM estimate Changsha wetland resources of the non-use values. It is＄1.274 million/a, of which there is existence value of＄0.739 million/a, heritage value of＄0.280 million/a, select the value of＄0.255 million/a. The non-use value is a dynamic change of quantity, with economic conditions and environmental awareness enhancement, on their willingness to pay for ecological resources will be a growing trend.
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