The Study Of The Mechanism On The Viscosity Reduction Of The Heavy Oil Radiated By The Microwave

Since the yield of the heavy oil in the world increases gradually, extracting and transporting it became the main problems in petroleum industry for the heavy oil has high viscosity and bad fluidity. The viscosity of the heavy oil is sensible to the temperature, so heating becomes the main way to extract and transport the heavy oil. But heating the heavy oil by the traditional methods is often inefficient and slow because the heavy oil has low thermal conductivity. Our research group firstly introduces the microwave energy into the petroleum industry to process the heavy oil. In the experiment, we found that heating the heavy oil by microwave radiation is efficient and rapid. But the most important thing is that the chemical components of the heave oil radiated by microwave are changed and the rheological property of it is improved. The main idea of this dissertation is to study the mechanism of the viscosity reduction of the heavy oil radiated by microwave.In domestic, we firstly design and use the microwave device to heat the heavy oil. The water cut heavy oil and the pure heavy oil is radiated. The temperature, the water cut and rheological property of the samples of the heavy oil after and before microwave radiation are measured. The chemical component of them is also analyzed by IR and TLC-FID in detail. The result of analysis and experiment research show that after the microwave heating, the water cut of the water cut heavy oil radiated by microwave decreased obviously and the percentage of gum and bitumen in the pure heavy oil radiated by microwave decreases, therefore, the viscosity of the them reduces greatly and the rheological property of them is improved. It is benefit to the extracting and transporting of the heavy oil.1. In domestic, we firstly design and use the microwave device to process the heavy oil with microwave frequency of 2450MHz and different power. The temperature and the rheological property of the samples of the heavy oil after and before microwave radiation are measured and the chemical component of them is analyzed by IR in detail. The experiment research and analysis show that the percentage of the gum and bitumen in heavy oil radiated by microwave decreases as the microwave power increases. Four samples of the heavy oil extracted from different oilfields are radiated by microwave with microwave power of 3KW and radiation time of 1min. The temperature and the rheological property of the samples after and before microwave radiation are measured and the chemical component of them is analyzed by IR and The results of analysis show that the viscosity of them reduces greatly. That is benefit to the extracting of the heavy oil.2. In order to study the reason of viscosity reduction of the heavy oil radiated by microwave, the macroscopic and microscopic mathematic model is founded. In the macroscopic model, the FDTD method is used to solve the Maxwell equation and the FD method is used to solve the thermal equation. The microscopic model is founded to calculate electromagnetic and temperature distribution of the different components inside the macroscopic mesh, which have different dielectric coefficient. The results of macroscopic and microscopic electromagnetic and temperature distribution calculated by the mathematic model give a rational explanation to the change of the chemical components of the heavy oil after and before the radiation by microwave. It is the first time that the mathematic method is used to simulate the heating process of the heavy oil and the result is used to explain the experimental phenomena.3. In domestic, we firstly measure the dielectric parameter of the heavy oil and its chemical components as the function of the temperature.Finally brief concluding remarks and future work are listed.