Studies On Assessment And Expert System Of Grassland Ecological Environment In The West Of Jilin Province

As a kind of natural resource that can revive, grassland resource has significant role and value for developing animal husbandry and protecting biological diversity, self-control water resource and maintaining ecological balance, and it plays an important role in human production and life. People saw the economical benefits only and overlooked the ecological function of grassland since long time before. During the long-term exploiting and utilizing grassland resource, Grassland resource has been destroyed seriously by opening up wasteland blindly, such as lacking comprehensive program of exploiting, utilizing and scientific renovating measure. As a result, the quantity of fine herbage dropped; the cover degree of vegetation declined; vegetation productivity has dropped; the soil become hard and impervious; the structure of grassland ecosystem changed; the salinization of soil cause the area of grassland decreasing; the desertification, salinization and degeneration are serious; the ecological system is imbalance seriously, and the ecological environment deteriorate extremely.Grassland ecosystem in former research is the grassland ecological research mainly with statistics as foundation, as well as much in theory and mechanism discussion, lack the specific, timeliness and systematicness research, and do not go into the application of more new technical, new method to research. Database, artificial intelligence, management information system and decision systematic, network technology as well as integrated IT application is the tendency of future development in grassland science field. For the sake of researching the grassland ecological environment with model technology and method, I have established Grassland Environment Expert System (GEES for short), by combining theoretical model and the quantitative and qualitative research result, expert system has offered new vigor to the traditional research of grassland ecological environment.â…  major content of the thesis 1) I have elaborated the research background and the development tendency of grassland ecological environment of our country. The stern situation of deterioration of ecological environment needs reinforce the construction of ecological environment increasingly, and the rate of construction don't catch up with the rate of degradation, seeking a fast and effective research method is urgent affairs; the study of grassland resource with the technical combinations such as remote sensing, geographic information system and global positioning system have offered technology sustain for getting, using, maintaining and managing grassland resource information. Integration of the technology of 3S and expert system is the major direction of grassland field research currently. 2) I have refined the theoretical foundation and techniques of thesis. Major basic theory include the system theory, sustainable development theory, ecology theory, grassland ecology theory, ecological economy theory, regional economy theory, systematic project theory, the system theory, and so on. And the system theory is the key one. The method and technology of thesis, include quantitative and qualitative method, AHP, grey systematic theory, main composition analysis method, clustering and expert system, and so on.3) The quality of grassland ecological environment has been assessed systematically. It is mainly for the two subsystems, namely, soil quality of grassland and grassland quality, the method of assessment is the grey relative analysis method. The assessment result of soil quality shows that there's no first-class and second-class grassland soil in general, also no 5th class grassland soil, most of the soil are in 3rd class or 4th class. According to the record of historical information, 50 years ago, the soil of this district is mainly first-class and second-class. We can know from grassland quality assessment result that grassland quality has been degraded in 1980s. The major reason of degradation is that people pay much attention to economical benefits only, and pa...