Research And Application Of Nano Silver, Nickel And Hydration Silica Powders

Nano technology has been one of research hot spots in modern science. Nano material has been performing significant developing values and applying prospects in the domain of dying and finishing due to its unique physical and chemical behaviors. The preparations and applied functions of nano-silver, nano-nickel and hydration silica were studied in this dissertation, the main works were included.By adopting photo-reduction, chemical and electrochemistry technology, the preparations and influencing factors of nano-silver, nano- nickel and hydration silica were researched respectively. The dimensions, figures, structure features and physical characteristics were measured with the aids of advanced instruments the correlative effects of preparation reaction are explained systemically.The kinetics of silver ion (Ag~+) photo-reduction reaction was discussed according to Ag~+ photo-reduction mechanism in the organic medium. The organic phase was as the reaction medium to avoid agglomeration of nano-particles in the liquid phase reaction. Method integrated electrochemistry and surface chemistry was employed to prepare the nano- nickel, and the critical effect factors of the nano-nickel output, the current density and electrolytical concentration were discussed. This method offered a new approach of preparing nano-nickel. The chemical synthesizes and phase transfer method was used to prepare nano hydration silica, and the second-agglomeration problem of nano-nickel particles solid-liquid separation process was analyzed theoretically. The azeotropy distillation method was presented.The application of above-mentioned three nano-materials in dying and finishing, rubber and resin were studied in the second half of this dissertation. The experimental results indicated that:1) Hydration silica nano-particles performed distinct stabilization to hydrogendioxide in the in hydrogen dioxide blanch, and reduced the fibre damage.2) Nano silver took anti-bacteria action on both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, the anti- bacteria abilities strengthened with the dosage increasing.3) Hydration silica nano -particles was energetic catalyst in resin treatment, It had been found that the treatment temperature of the resin finishing was lower, the tensile strength of the finished fabrics was not.decreased but increased;4) The treated fabrics showed much improved protection against UV radiation while Nickels or hydration silica nano particles treatment on cotton fabrics.5) Hydration silica nano particles were used as strengthening agent in rubber, the results indicated that the strengthening effects were better than the nano-particles prepared by PVD method. Hydration silica nano particles possessed the ability of out-of-phase nucleation in PET, and it improved the speed of both nucleation and crystallization.