On Operational Management Of Cold Chain

Since the beginning of 1980s, modern logistics theory has been introduced into China. From then on, companies, governments and academe at all levels are gradually aware of its great potential in the areas of cutting the cost, promoting the economic development, creating new profit resource and improving companies' competitive power. The structure of the traditional logistics theory is formed systemically through nearly 20 years' efforts. However, as a special logistic form, cold chain is not given the attention. But with the development of economy and further demand to food, people lay more and more attention on the development of food cold chain, because in the food produced, circulation and consumed, the backwardness of the system of Chinese cold chain results in large economic losses and threat to food safety. Nowadays, Chinese cold chain were managed and set up in the factory internal warehouse by most of food companies. From there, refrigerated trucks transferred the food to every single agent or dealer and they will do the distribution by themselves. Thereby, Chinese cold chain system is just on the stage of 'Transportation and Storage' In theoretical research field, on the whole, systematic research on cold chain is blank. It does not match with prosperously development of frozen food and cold chain. Theory lags to practice, which restrains further development of frozen food and cold chain. Therefore, this dissertation chooses operational management of cold chain as research objective.Operational system of cold chain constitutes with many complex elements, which relevants and restricts each other. This complex not only has generality of logistic, but also has its particularity. In order to help cold chain company grasp emphasis of cold chain operational management and improve management efficiency, this dissertation determined key elements of cold chain operational system, The biggest barrier for cold chain development in China is that upstream firms, midest firms, downstream firms have not been linked up. The efficiency and benefits of cold chain can not be controlled and integrated. Cold chain intergration and its operational condition will effect in great extent the sustain development of cold chain. Therefore, this dissertation chooses inventory management and distribution management of cold chain as research content.During recent several decades, although the extensive research of the traditional inventory theory has made much more progress, there is still a big gapbetween the acquired theoretical results and the requirement of practical application with the deeper use of the inventory theory in practice, and it is necessary to study new inventory models to solve the complicated and variable problems in reality. On the bases of the exist results, this paper extents the EOQ model considering the realistic problems and particularity of cold chain, and develops several deterministic inventory models which are more close to the real system. The extensive research results presented above not only enrich the content of inventory control theory but also widen the applied areas of the traditional inventory control models, and provide more sufficient scientific evidence for decision makers making inventory decision.Inventory management is an important part of the supply chain management, which is the key both to exert collaboration and to perform the integrated management. In the model of supply chain, the relationship of its members is not only collaborative, but also competitive. The multi-echelon inventory management is between the enterprises of supply chain. Therefore, further studies on the multi-echelon inventory management of supply chain have the theoretical and realistic significance. For the requirement of supply chain, the method of multiple inventories is often used in reality. Through the analysis of SQ model under the condition of multiple inventories, the article finds the EOQ of each step inventory. From that, an idea of multiple inventory control is taken out.Comparison with the normal atmosphere temperature logistics, cold-chain logistics have the following characteristics, the identity of perishable products, making cold-chain logistics and distribution of merchandise imports for the time window quality requirernents than normal atmosphere temperature distribution logistics required stricter. Distribution companies have punitive costs likely to increase significantly. Normal atmosphere temperature distribution and logistics vehicles of the models did not take this path possible cost. In cold-chain logistics and distribution process, because the distribution of commodities must be maintained at cryogenic environment unique, and therefore requires additional corruption consumption costs, and this is normal atmosphere temperature distribution and logistics not be considered. This article used systems theory thinking, analysis the relevant factors affecting the cold chain logistics and distribution, and from the perspective of cold chain logistics and distribution companies to the smallest sum of the above costs to target a cold chain logistics distribution trails basic models. To the constraints of traditional window of the vehicle, road issues as a basis for analyzing and managing a product line and distribution characteristics associated cost function, including products from corruption caused by Pipeline Inventory Cost costs, the time window of customer demand caused by the punishment costs, distribution, and the traditional transportation costs, determine the cold chain logistics and distribution vehicle trails mathematical models and the best solutions. Finally cases for a sensitivity analysis and the analysis of the main parameters for the certification work as a model reasonable.Objectives of storage and transportation in cold chain are perishable and easy deteriorate fresh produce. Therefore, quality management is very important in cold chain. HACCP main used in frozen food produce process, such as aquatic product, meat and canned food fewer used in transportation and circulation of frozen food. This led to frozen food quality can't be assured. Therefore, this dissertation expanded study on HACCP application and probed HACCP to apply in cold chain. Quality guarantee system of cold chain is also being probed, which is involved with system, man, facilities, procedure, measurement and testing instrument and environmental factor.