A Study On Overall And Coordinative Development Of Urban And Rural Environmental Protection In The Context Of Dual Structure

The ESI of environmental quality of countries(or areas ) all over the world estimated in 2007 were openly announced in Davos in the Swiss Confederation and that ESI of cities and the countryside in China was listed in the 144th position among them. At present the general state of the environmental quality in China is better after laying down and carrying on a series of policies concerned, the quality of radiation environment keeps on the natural level and the environment of cities in China has been improved. However, the serious rural environmental condition has become the main factor preventing the continuous development of rural economic society in China. The environment of cities and the countryside is a universal and organic body and the protection of environment is the effective route and means of realizing the harmonious development of economy in cities and the countryside. Therefore, the overall development of urban and rural environmental protection is the important content of the regional overall development and the effective route and means of realizing the coordinative development of economy in cities and the countryside. So strengthening the basic theory of overall urban and rural environmental protection and the research for the measures are of great important significance to the promotion for the integrative development of economic society of cities and the countryside.The thinking way of this research in to overall analyses the shortcomings and their influential mechanism of urban and rural environmental protection using the basic principles of environmental economics and developmental economics with the combination of quality and quantity, to explore the division of the environmental function of cities and the countryside and the relationship of overall environment so as to discover that the overall urban and rural environment is the fundamental requirements of the scientific developmental view, further to study the principles, target and main contents of the overall urban and rural environmental protection in the perspective of the scientific developmental view, to all-roundly embrace the inner relation between the urban and rural environment and the growth of economy through commenting on the main experiences of overall urban and rural environment out of China and oat last to put forward the general thinking route and structure of overall urban and rural environmental protection so as to explore the practical way of overall urban and rural environmental protection in China. This paper is divided into three parts and included seven chapters.This paper is divided into three parts including seven chapters. The first part including the first and second chapters is the foundation of the research in the whole paper. In the first chapter《Introduction》, the pertinent points to this research are to define the basic concepts and categories of the dual economic structure, the coordinative development of environment and economy, the dualism of urban and rural environmental protection, the overall environmental protection and others. According to these, we have put forward the contents of further researches. In the second chapter《The research of related basic theory of overall urban-rural environment》, we have combed and commented on the activeness of the concerned theoretical research at home and abroad and then, insisting on the scientific method of the combination of quantity and quality mainly explained the rationing estimation methods of the rationing estimation on the coordinative development between the urban and rural ecological environment and economy, the estimation on the quality of ecological environment, the coordinative judgment of the coordinative development between environment and economy,cycle of economic theory, theory of overall urban and rural, fair environment of urban and rural, and others.The second part includes the third and fourth chapters. In the third chapter《The necessity and possibility for overall urban-rural environment》,We have made rationing estimation on the coordinative development between urban and rural environment and economy. The government and the people are forced raising awareness, changing concepts and emphasis on urban and rural environment because the Consequences of different urban -rural environmental protection have been fully exposed. At the same time, the planning of urban and rural that proposed industry-financed agriculture and urban-financed rural is providing a historical opportunity and real possibility for overall urban-rural environment. In the fourth chapte《rThe difference between urban and rural environment under dual structure》,the differences of urban and rural environmental protection have the conscious origin, the no equilibrium of the urban and rural environmental protection has the cause of policies, the distribution of urban and rural environmental resources leading to the division of environmental profit has the practical cause and the most basic cause is the dual economic structure long existed in China.The third part including the fifth,sixth and seventh chapters is the key of this research. In the fifth chapter《Overall urban-rural environment in view of the scientific concept of development》,We have first put forward the idea that the overall urban and rural environment is the basic contents and necessary requirement of overall cities and the countryside. The overall urban and rural environmental protection means to get rid of the dual structure of the urban and rural environmental protection and the direct target is to realize the coordinative development between the urban and rural economy and the environmental protection and the coordinative development between bringing pollution under control in cities and protecting the ecological environment in the countryside. In the sixth chapter《The main experience and enlightenment of foreign coordination of urban-rural environment》, we have separately made comments on the mechanism and measures of urban environment and the overall harnessing urban and rural environment in the main developed countries, the damages, revival and protection of urban and rural environment in the backward areas in developed countries such as Australia, England,Korea,Japan and U.S.A. In the seventh chapte《rThe realization of the path of urban-rural environment in China》,we have laid importance to the research for the general thinking route and reality path of overall urban and rural environmental protection,mainly including the eight sections of the differentiation of environmental function. We have chiefly explored and analyzed the practical route of overall urban and rural environmental protection and the coordination from the education of environmental protection,the just function of environment , the shifting payment of environmental protection,the marketing of investment for environmental protection,the model of circulative economy,the skills of international environmental protection and the exchanges of their experiences,the system of policies of environmental economy under the condition of overall urban and rural environmental protection,scientifically establishing the responsibility of the government for environment and the mechanism of overall urban and rural environmental protection.The innovativeness of this paper may include the following:(1) In selected topic aspect,this paper has the good breakthrough point and the practical significance. Proposed overall development of urban and rural from 2002, there are many research and literatures about the overall development of urban and rural,but the results related overall environment are not more. This paper study on overall and coordinative development of urban and rural has the good breakthrough point and the practical significance in the related research.(2) Introducted the analysis method in the view of New Institutional Economics to the research of overall urban-rural environment,this paper study through on the policy root and the measure overall urban-rural environment under the dual structure. This paper built a research system which proposed the principle,goal,primary contents,the total thinking routes and measures under the point of scientific development to enrich and improve the theoretical connotation of Planning of urban and rural.(3) This paper proposed Innovative points:First,the largest unfair of environment is between urban and rural in many unfair in China today. In order to protecting the urban and rural environmental equity,laws and regulations including restrictions on the pollution transfer from urban to rural are established. Second,Planning of urban-rural environment must adhere to government,and follow the lead mechanism for environmental planning in urban and rural from formulating laws,regulations and environmental policy to the system of evaluation for urban-rural environmental quality and Monitoring and early warning. Third, it is to coordinate the contradictions of economy and environment of urban and rural to sustainable development by establishing a unified eco-industrial system and the model of urban and rural...