The Research On Climatic-active Design Strategy Of Building Skin In Hot-summer And Cold-winter Zone

The climate feature in Hot-summer and Cold-winter zone in China differslargely to each other and goes easily to extremity, particularly in the summerand winter seasons. Simply applying the strategies practiced in the freezingNorth or blazing South will inevitably fall into dilemma and fails to solve theopposite requirements properly. The changeable skin of the building has thepotential to deal with the totally different demands in summer and winter andthe paper is focused on this "changeable part" and probes into its possibilitiesin practice in this area. The research is conducted in the following 3 aspects: First of all, the paper made a through analysis and summarization of thefeatures of the climate in the Hot-summer and Cold-winter zone in China. Aseries investigations concerning current situation of the buildings in this area aswell as their energy consumption was conducted. The paper made an analysisof the probability of passive solar energy in this area after making a comparisonwith the solar resources in North China, Europe and North America. Then the paper reviewed the development of the skin of architecture from ahistorical perspective, made systematic analysis of the fundamental issues ofthe architectural skin and put forward the enlightenment of bionics andvernacular architecture. When probing deeper into the characteristic of glasses,it is found that the paradox situation will definitely occur, were glasses used inthe Hot-summer and Cold-winter zone. The core part of the paper is to go deeper into the "changeable designstrategy" in a practicable level, including "windows of residential buildings,glass curtain and skylight". In the chapter of "residential building window" the testing and economicalanalysis in various window systems in the summer and winter seasons weremade, including the variation in material, color, constructional method and its IIIAbstractspatial position. An attached element with reasonable price, good durability indifferent climates, simple in construction and can resist the summer heat whilekeep warm in winter, was found. In the chapter of "glass curtain", the paper first introduced the analysis ofthe testing between the ordinary glass facade and the double-skin facade andfound that under reasonable and proper usage, the double-skin facade obviouslyhas superiority over the ordinary one in the climate adaptability. Then, thepaper made analysis of the experiments on the double-skin facade in differentconstructional method. Different situations and different opening sizes,different material and position of the shading element as well as the variousconstructional method in the summer and winter are all included in theexperiments. The paper exposed and made clear many currentlymisunderstandings of the double-skin facade, and came up with many positiveand original conclusions. In the chapter of the "skylight", the on-site testing clearly demonstratedthat the overheating problem emerges in most of the skylight buildings. Thenthe author made analysis by computer simulation and experiments in standardexperimentation labs and tried to find the series issues of the skylight in itsclimate adaptability. Through data based research, the author had come up witha series of guidelines for the design of the skylight in Hot-summer andCold-winter zone, which are also economically reasonable and may readily beput into real practice. Based on the above analysis, the author put forward the idea of"changeable skin" in Hot-summer and Cold-winter zone, together with itsdesign strategy and practice methods in detail. he results of the research has notonly active meaning in ecological aspects but also offers, by all means, endlessresources for the architects in their architectural creation.