Simulation Research On Collision Accidents Between Vehicle And Two-Wheelers And Its Application

Collision accidents between vehicle and two-wheelers such as bicycles and motorcycles account for a large proportion of all kinds of traffic accidents. Scholars all over the world are now actively doing research in this field. In China, traffic accidents between vehicle and two-wheelers occur frequently, causing a large number of casualties and property loss, which brings the need to carry out relative research and prevention work urgently. Computer simulation technology is currently the major approach to assist in the analysis of collision accidents. The course of collision accidents can be reconstructed accurately on computer, which resolves the difficulties that encountered in the quick disposal of accidents, and provides objective scientific references for accurate identification of traffic accidents.Based on the analysis of the current domestic and foreign research on collision accidents between vehicle and two-wheelers, and especially taking into consideration the actual situation of such accidents in China, this paper presents the approach to study collision accidents between vehicle and two-wheelers combing with computer simulation technology, and also how to be applied in real accidents. The main research areas of this paper include:For simulation model of cyclist dummy, it is proposed that a combined custom modeling technique set up new cyclist dummy that adapts for two-wheeler collision accidents. The technique is achieved based on the analysis of modeling features of existing numerical dummy and the problems that occur when it is used to simulate the two-wheeler cyclists. The combined numerical cyclist dummy is made on basis of modularization of human body, and a detailed biomechanical model of upper limb is established by using finite element method. The upper limb model is then assembled with rigid body parts, combining them into a complete numerical dummy. This dummy has a high degree of biological resemblance, thus enhances the simulation accuracy for the two-wheeler cyclist.For simulation model of two-wheelers, this paper regards the two-wheeler, the cyclist and the road as a mechanical coupling system while emphasizing the actual situation, and proposes a human-vehicle-road coupling system modeling method. Considering different types of the two-wheeler and the riding posture, four models of the bicycle and the motorcycle are established based on their distinctive features, making it easier to carry out the following work. And the grasp features of the combined numerical cyclist dummy's hand is determined by simulation experiments, highlighting the interaction force between the cyclist and the two-wheeler, the driving inertia of the two-wheeler, the coupling force between the tyre and the ground, and thus set up the human-vehicle-road coupling system simulation model.In order to objectively reflect the movement relevance and consistency of the two-wheeler and the cyclist, different simulation experiments are carried out. Simulation experiments that the two-wheeler with unequal speed collide with barrier show the movement characteristic of the cyclist and its relevance with the two-wheeler. Dynamic simulation experiments of the two-wheeler show the consistency of the two-wheeler and the cyclist when there is a lateral disturbance force. These results provide proof from different perspectives that it is proper and necessary for the analysis of accidents to consider the two-wheeler, the cyclist and the road as a whole.Taking into consideration the complexity of collision accidents between vehicle and two-wheelers, this paper studies the simulation method and analyzes various factors that influence the simulation result. Based on the analysis of vehicle types that cause collision accidents with the two-wheeler, simulation models of the long bonnet car and the flat front bus are set up. The movement and injury characteristics of the two-wheeler cyclist are studied by conducting a comprehensive analysis of collision course in the conditions of various factors, and provide reference and guidance for the research on the real accidents.The research result in this paper is applied to real collision accidents between vehicle and the two-wheeler on the basis of extensive research work. Through studying five real collision accidents, analysis methods according to accident situation are illustrated, and the collision course are reconstructed from multiple perspectives. The simulation results are in accordance with the investigation results of the accidents, demonstrating the reliability of numerical models and the practicability of methods presented in this paper.