| Rice is the one of the most important food resource in the world. With the rapid development of technology, we have obtained the transgenic rice with insect resistance, disease resistance, herbicides resistance and/or quality improved characteristic, and more and more people focus on the ecological safety assessment of transgenic rice. The ecological safety assessments of transgenic plant mainly include the effect on non-target pests, the effect on natural nememies and the resistance management. The effeects of three transgenic rices on the rice secondary pest the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens stal, were evaluated, and the mechanism was primary analysis. The results are as follows:1 Resistance of transgenic crylAb/vip3H gene rice to stem borersBioassay result indicated that the transgenic crylAb/vip3H rice lines G6H1, G6H2, G6H3, G6H4, G6H5 and G6H6 showed high resistance to stem borers including striped stem borer (SSB), Chilo suppresalis (Walker) and purplish stem borer (PSB), Sesamia inferens (Walker). After 48 h and 96 h ingestion, the mortality of SSB and PSB that fed on six transgenic rice lines was significantly higher than that fed on its non-transgenic parental line Xiushui 110, and the cumulate feeding area was significantly lower. After 168 h ingestion, the mortality of SSB and PSB that fed on six transgenic rice lines arrived 100%. In 2008 and 2009, when the field test was conducted under natural infestation, the G6H1, G6H2, G6H3 and G6H6 were highly resistant to SSB and PSB, and were completely undamaged on all sample dates. For the transgenic lines G6H4 and G6H5, their plants were undamaged before the sample date of 8 September, while were encountered to a few damage with less than 4%of plants and 0.5% of tillers. The Western blot analysis confirmed the presence of the CrylAb and Vip3H fusion protein in the six transgenic rice lines. The CrylAb protein was assayed to estimate the concentration of the fusion protein of CrylAb/Vip3H expressed in transgenic rice plants. In the flag leaves and main stems for each transgenic line, the level of CrylAb protein significantly changed with rice developmental stages. It is estimated that G6H1 showed best resistance to stem borers according TOPSIS analysis.2 Effect of transgenic cry1Ab/vip3H rice G6H1 on N. lugensThe nymph developmental duration and reproduction was not affected by rice type for 1st,2nd and 4th generation neither in seedling or adult stage. Compared with fed on Xiushui 110, the nymph duration, adult longevity and egg production of BPH that fed on G6H1 showed no significant difference. And the field investigation showed that the average density of nymph, adult and total of nymph and adult were similar between the G6H1 and Xiushui 110.3 Effect of transgenic crylAb rice KMD2 on N. lugensAt seedling stage, the nymph duration of BPH feeding on transgenic cry1Ab rice KMD2 and its nontransgenic parental rice Xiushui 11 was significantly affected by rice type and generation; adult longevity was significantly affected by generation and rice type with generation interaction; egg production was affected by rice type and generation. At adult stage, the nymphe duration of BPH was affected by rice type and rice type with generation interaction; egg production was affected by rice type and generation. t-test result indicated that the nymph duration was significantly prolonged and the egg production was signifantly reduced when the BPH fed on the KMD2 at both seedling and adult stage. This result revealed that the KMD2 suppress the development and reproduction of the BPH. The field investigation indicated that the average density of BPH in the KMD2 paddy was lower than that in Xiushui 11 paddy at all the sample times in 2008 and 2009. The average density of nymph and total of nymph and adult showed significantly difference between KMD2 and Xiushui 11 paddy both in three sample times in 2008 and four sample times in 2009. By comparison with the non-Bt rice, both percentage of tillers with eggs and number of eggs per tiller in the Bt rice were significantly lower from jointing to mature stage for the former and from heading to mature stage for the later. The relative height of oviopsition on the Bt rice was significantly higher than that on the non-Bt rice at the tillering, heading and filling stage of rice, while was significantly lower than that on the non-Bt rice at the mature stage of rice.4 Effect of transgenic cellulase rice on N. lugensResistance of transgenic cellulase rice lines (Z8-1,Z8-4,Z9-1,Z9-2,CBD-1 and CBD-3) to BPH was evaluated using the Modified Seedbox Screening Technique (MSST). All of the transgenic lines showed sensitive to BPH both at seedling and adult stage, and the Z9-2 was the most sensitive variety among the six varieties. Compared with the accepted rice variety that sensitve to BPH, the activity of cellulase in Z9-2 was higher, and its non-transgenic rice line Xiushui 11 was lower. At seedling stage, the egg production of BPH feeding on transgenic rice Z9-2 and its non-transgenic parental rice Xiushui 11 was significantly affected by generation and nymph developmental duration and adult longevity was not affected by rice type, generation and rice type with generation interaction. At adult stage, the male nymphe duration and egg production of BPH were significantly affected by generation. The field investigation indicated that the average density of BPH in the Z9-2 paddy was higher than that in Xiushui 11 paddy at most sample times in 2008 and 2009. In 2008, the average density of nymph and total of nymph and adult was affected by rice type, and Z9-2 showd significantly higher population at three sample tines. In 2009, the average density of BPH was affected by the sample time. And the average density of nymph in Z9-2 paddy was higher than that in Xiushui 11 paddy at one sample time.4 The gene expression profiling of KMD2 and Xiushui 11, BPH induced KMD2 and BPH induced Xiushui 11The gene expression profiling of KMD2, Xiushui 11, BPH induced KMD2 and BPH induced Xiushui 11 were performed using gene chip method. Compared with its non-transgenic parental rice Xiushui 11, transcriptional levels of 324 genes in KMD2 were different, in which the numbers of upregulated and.downregulated genes were 177 and 147 respectively. KEGG Pathway analysis indicated that the 324 genes were involved in 18 pathways. And Go Ontology analysis showed that the most five correlative biological processes were amino acid and derivative metabolism, lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism and response to endogenous stimulus. Compared with its BPH induced Xiushui 11, transcriptional levels of 317 genes in BPH induced KMD2 were different, in which in which the numbers of upregulated and downregulated genes were 124 and 193 respectively. KEGG Pathway analysis indicated that the 317 genes were involved in 31 pathways. And Go Ontology analysis showed that the most seven correlative biological processes were response to abiotic stimulus, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid and derivative metabolism, nodulation, UTP biosythesis, CTP biosythesis and GTP biosythesis.
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