Study On The Corn Roots Cutting And Digging Device Of No-tillage Planter

Conservation tillage is an effective method to prevent soil from wind and water erosion in northern arid regions of China. However, one of the most important limitations to conservation tillage is qualified no-tillage planter. The opener of the no-tiilage planter often can't break up corn rootstalks and penetrate into the soil so as reducing the performance of the planter. In order to solve this problem a new method of dealing with corn rootstalk is put forward and a new model of no-tillage planter equipped with cutting corn rootstalk and residue mechanism has been developed. Systematical experiments about the performance of the mechanism and the theory of cutting corn rootstalk and residue have been conducted in this paper, and significant research achievements have been obtained. The research results include:1 A new method of dealing with corn rootstalk is put forward and a new model of no-tillage planter equipped with cutting and digging corn rootstalk mechanism has been developed. The test results in the no-tillage fields with corn rootstalks shown that the sample machine has a good ability to cut and dig corn rootstalks only in the seed beds so that the new no tillage planter can create a good condition of seed bed and have lower power consume.2 System experiment is conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of rootstalks and soil rootstalk composite. The experiment results include: 甌he maximum cutting force decreased exponentially with increasing cutting speed and the moisture contents of rootstalks. The maximum cutting forces are very different using four different curves of knives, namely convex, diagonal, concave and beeline. The cutting force using convex knife is the smallest among all the knives and decrease 7. 2% 22% and 29% respectively less than using other three knives at cutting speed of 500mm/min when the moisture contents of rootstalks was 48.2%. The cutting forces were tested at four different parts of rootstalk that were the middle part along a radius, the tip part along a radius, the middle part along axis and the stalk part along a radius, and the force at the middle along a radius is the largest and increase 32% 45% 111%, respectively more than at the other three parts. The force increase 37% to cut the rootstalks from the areas one crop a year more than that from two crops a year. ㏕he resistant impact of rootstalks is from 30.2J to 60.4J. The resistant impact of rootstalks from the areas one crop a year increases 37% more than that from areas two crop a year; (3) The direct shear strength of soil rootstalk composite can be scribed by Coulomb equation. The coherence force C and the inner friction angle of composite increase 115%-205% and 11%~15% respectively more than that of no rootstalk soil.3 The mechanism of dealing with corn rootstalks and eight kinds of blades for experiment in the soil bin have been developed in order to investigating the performance of dealing with rootstalks. The mathematic models of power consume and single blade resistant torque have been set up. The power consume increase exponentially with increasing rotor speed and forward velocity. The rototilling speed ratio obviously effects on breaking rootstalk properties. While A. is less than 6, the quantity of breaking rootstalk becomes worse with decreasing.4 A new blade has been developed and its parameters have been studied in detail.5 A new no-tillage planter 2BMYW-2 is made and more than 110mu fields in Herbei province areplanted using it. The production experiments shown that the rate of clearing rootstalks away from seed beds is more than 92% and disturbed soil is from 20% to 27% and the working performance of the sample machine is excellent.