Veterinary Profession And Veterinary Practicing Institutions

Veterinary profession undertakes specialized technical work on animal disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, control and elimination based on scientific theory and clinical technology, directly related with the animal health and veterinary public health. Concerning public interest and bearing a significant responsibility and impact to the society, the professional characteristics determine that the government should stipulate not only qualification criteria of professional knowledge, techniques and clinical capacity, but also the requirements for veterinary practitioners to practice and work legally and independently. It is required to set up profession entrance standard and implement practice permit (license) management. Licensed veterinarians are those who obtained veterinary profession qualification certificate and veterinary practice license, engaged in clinical activities. The regulation of veterinary profession in qualification recognition and practice permit is the results of social development progress of human kind. Producers of livestock constantly raise new requirements and criteria to the veterinary practitioners to gain more economic benefits. In order to protect the interest of themselves, veterinary practitioners would organize association to communicate with governors and their clients. Government would lay down laws and regulations to normalize and control the veterinary profession behaviors in order to protect public benefit and make the society stable. These stakeholders have gone through constant conflicts, consultations, compromises and co-ordinations repeatedly over years, and finally reached common understanding and determined to solve the problems with common regulations, professional principles, consultation mechanism, behaviors supervision instead of former arguments, and gradually the system has been set up and the current veterinary practicing institutions is now established.By means of the sociology methods to study social phenomena with deconstruction and reconstruction and cultural explanation, after reviewing and analyzing veterinary profession management situation in several countries in the five continents, the article concludes that: first, licensed veterinarians are characterized by sociality, practicality popularity, service, which determines that they are mainly work in the front line or the private sector, and service with fundamental function among the veterinary services.Second, the establishment of the veterinary practice institutions must have three coreelements——speciality, profession and legislation together. Speciality ensures the internalquality of veterinary profession; profession ensures the social function of veterinary profession; and legislation ensures the harmony development of veterinary profession. Third, the establishment of veterinary practicing institutions has a close connection with social conditions. The economic system determines the possibility of establishment of the institutions; the administrative system determines the development of the institutions; legal tradition determines the stability of the institutions; political system determines cost of the maintenance of the institutions; and national financial policy determines the capability of the maintenance of the institutions. Forth, although social conditions and economic developments in different countries vary in somewhat way, the regulatory principles of the institutions remain the same due to the special features of veterinary profession; the regulatory methods would vary with different environment and era, that maybe the signs of reforming and advancing. Fifth, the veterinary practicing institutions are dynamic and progressing, and would not be replicated completely. The earliest veterinary practicing institutions formed in the world for more than one hundred years and constantly encounter new problems until now. Sixth, the establishment and maintenance of the veterinary practicing institutions was the result of cooperation between government supervision and profession self-discipline. It is...