Changes Of Enzymes And Microorganisms In Agricultural Waste Materials During Composting In Static State With High Temperature

The compost of agricultural waste materials is the process that under the function of microorganism, the organic matter turn into well-rotted manure by the way of the organic matter being mineralized and humus and harmless. In the process of the function of microorganism, not only massive the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds that are useful to plant are produced, also new high polymer organic matter --- humus are synthesized. Because the process is the reaction of enzyme pressing, which is produced by microorganism, study the changes of enzymes activity is helpful to explain well the process of composting. The changes of the activity of the cellulose, sucrose, urea enzymes, catalase, dehydrogenase polyphenol oxidase, electric conductivity (EC), E4/E6 and microbial population had been studied during an aeration composting process in a static state using substrate of mixed wheat straw and excrement (chicken , pig or cow) with and without adding microorganism agent. The main results are showed as follows:1. The activity of the cellulose enzymes was relative high at the beginning and the metaphase of composting, but lower at the end of composting for both treatments with and without microorganism agent. The changing patterns of the activity of the cellulose enzymes were similar during the composting process. Meanwhile, the peak values of the activity of the cellulose enzymes were higher and occurred two days earlier with microorganism agent than without microorganism agent. The activity of the cellulose enzyme reached a maximum value of 0.457 mg glucose/(g24h) in the tenth day during the composting process using substrate of the mixed chicken excrement and wheat straw with microorganism agent, while the activity of the cellulose enzymes had a maximum value of 0.258 mg glucose/(g24h) in the twelfth day in the control without microorganism agent. Similarly, the activity of the cellulose enzymes reached a maximum value of 0.38 mg glucose/(g 24h) in the tenth day during the composting process using the substrate of mixed pig excrement and wheat straw with microorganism agent, and the treatment without microorganism agent had a maximum values of 0.335 mg glucose/g.24h in the twelfth day. However, the activity of the cellulose enzymes reached a...