Theory And Technology Of Scenic And Recreational Forest Tending In Xishan Beijing

The construction, tending and management of scenic and recreational forests base on health, stability and nature-approximating of forest ecosystem, and pursue"synchronous structure, function and benefit with scenic beauty, accessibility and comfortable together", they are different among different cities, habitats, and forest types; Its tending essence is promoting crown landscape and recreational space; Forest patch tending method(FPTM) takes target patch as the work unit with strong pertinence and flexible operation, appraisal of evaluation of the patch's and the forest'essentiality as the committed step, with tree sign, selective cut of single tree and bosk, orientation planting for the main measure, it's pertinence and agility is satisfactory.The Xishan Scenic Spot is one of five biggest ecological functional areas, as well as the head of 20 best scenic sites in Beijing suburbs which Beijing citizen like very much. Scientifically constructing and tending the Xishan scenic and recreational forest to meet the recreational demands of the Beijing citizen, is of important and of positive significant for enhance people's happy index and achieve the goal of'Four Cities'in Beijing.The patches of pure forests in Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis and Cotinus armandi inhabited 17.78% area of the total forest, their mixed forests with other trees inhabited 82.22%, and the percentage of mixed forests was increasing.Pure forests in Pinus tabulaeformis had large density and seriously lopsided crown, superposition, dead branch. 75.58% of the investigated patches had larger density than the target density, and 76.74% had superposition phenomenon. Patches with heavy skewness which stand on infertile site were of large proportion, more than 90% patches were composed of mature trees, and most had been over the 25th-35th year growth fastigium.Pure forests in Platycladus orientalis were mainly young, with large density, serious superposition, and universal lopsided crown. However, these patches had little dead branches. There were 42.77% patches whose actual density was higher than the target in the total patches, and the highest outrun rate amounted to 132.15%. The mean height under the first dead branch was 1.86m, while the mean height under the first alive branch was 2.55m.Pure forests in Cotinus armandi not only had heavy density, but also had greatly serious deadwood and aging phenomenon. The mean density of total investigated forest patches was 2550 stand wood per hectare, while the average live crown ration was slightly higher than 60%. Fine tending and ample light significantly affected the quality of leaves in Cotinus armandi.Xishan Beijing lies at northwest end of the Plain of north china, belong to defoliation broadleaf forest belt of temperate zone, belt acrogen community is defoliation broadleaf forest, We should cultivate the long-distance landscape mainly, reduce artificial treatment and promote the natural facies in remote mountains area; and cultivate the short-distance landscape mainly, strengthen forest cultivate measure, garden measure and horticulture measure in shallow mountain area.Under the four tending principles, namely keeping ecological priority and ecological security, valuing nature and characterizing unique features, promoting the combination of art, function and science, giving attentions to both scenic diversity and biodiversity, the forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in the Xishan National Forest...