The Spatial Structure And Function Research Of Liaocheng Urban Green Space

The urban green space system is natural subsystem of the city, is main foundation of building ecology botanical garden city and developing tourism. The paper takes Liaocheng city as the object of study, takes the landscape ecology basic principle and the sustainable development theory as instructions, takes the remote sensing and the geographic information system as methods, applies multi-disciplinary knowledge such as landscape ecology, ecolegy, Landscape Architecture and so on, to research the urban green space of Liaocheng by the numbers from three aspects, they are the urban landscape structure, the spatial structure of urban green space system, the relations between the urban green space structure and function, at the same time, constructs the index system. Base on the research, combines the suggestions of experts and the questionnaire survey, to build the appraisal criterion of the urban green space spatial structure analysis, to carry on fuzzy synthesis appraisal for urban green space system and urban landscape ecology plan, to establish reasonable index values of urban green space spatial structure. The purposes are solving the methods of urban landscape structure analysis, urban green space spatial structure analysis and appraisal, providing the theory and the practice basis for the urban landscape ecology plan and the urban green space system plan. The main results are as follows:1. The decision tree sorter use the different classified standard for the different green space information in city, to increase classified precision of the urban green space. The overall classification precision of three kinds place things in research region is high, achieves 92.5290%, the Kappa coefficient is 0.8852, can satisfy the demand of the urban landscape and the urban green space spatial structure study.2. Along with the spatial criterion change, the urban landscape structure takes on the obvious change along with it. The built-up district constructs the centralism crowded place, but along with the expansion of the research criterion, the suburb farmland turns the primary factor in the landscape. Along with the research criterion reduction (by suburb to city center reduction), the CA of the green space reduces in turn, the MPS reduces in turn, the degree of fragmentation increases in turn, the FRAC-AM reduces in turn, the connection reduces in turn.3. There are some green space construction problems in Liaocheng, such as the green areas coverage rate is low, the connection between the green space in the built-up district as well as urban green space and the suburb green space is low, the green space contour design is simple and so on. Ihe present distribution of urban green space of Liaocheng is the layout that the patch is primary, there are certain limitation to function display of the green space for this kind of distribution.4. PERIM, FRAC, CAI and ENN four indexes may replace the 13 patch level indexes which FRAGSTATS3.3 provides. AREA-SD, PD, AI, ENN-AM, CIRCLE-SD, CIRCLE-MN, FRAC-MN, and PAFRAC eight indexes may reflect comprehensively the 93 class level indexes information which FRAGSTATS3.3 provides.5. The urban green space of Liaocheng is composed by the green patches and the green corridors, the CA of green patches is 968.3632 hm~2, green corridors is 369.0288 hm~2. The patch green space is consist of the city peripheral green space, the opening green space, the inhabited green space, the production green space and the unit attached green space. The CA, AREA-SD and CAI-MN value of the city peripheral green space are all biggest, the average patch shape most approaches the rectangle, peripheral is most simple, the degree of fragmentation is smallest, the connection of the patches is biggest. The CA, AREA-SD,CAI-MN and AI of the open green space are all inferior to the city peripheral green space, the degree of fragmentation is slightly high, shape also close rectangle, but patch peripheral is most complex, the edge effect is strongest. The AREA-SD, CAI-MN, CIRCLE-MN, CIRCLE-SD, FRAC-MN, ENN-AM and AI value of inhabited green space are all smallest, the degree of fragmentation is biggest, assumes the reunion distribution. The CA value of the production green space is smallest, the shape deviation is biggest, assumes the reunion distribution basically. The ENN-AM value of the unit attached green space is biggest, the degree of fragmentation is inferior to the inhabited green space.6. The xylophyte species in Liaocheng is very few, altogether 51 branches, 214 kinds, in which evergreen plants are 35 kinds, the deciduous plants are 179 kinds. The kind of road trees is 46, 35 kinds growing trend strong, the growth are exuberant, 10 kinds growing trend medium, the growing of Cedrus deodara (Roxb) Loud. trend very bad. The kind of aquatic plants is 16 kind, ornamental is bad.7.The inhabited green space and the street corner green space are the highest frequency of use places for leisure amusement to Liaocheng city resident, the small green space is main leisure place for the city people in two-day weekend, but medium and the large-scale park are all low utilization ratio in three leisure time level. Therefore, the city green space construction should regard the punctual block green space in the urban center which is closely linked with the city people's daily life, enable the urban green space system to display its use function normally.8. The public think the afforestation level of green space in Liaocheng is bad. They think the plan should pay great attention to the spatial connection of the green space, the exterior outline of green space should comply with the topography, the shape should be changeable. Therefore in the urban green space plan, should increase the CA value, reduce the PD, ENN-AM value as far as possible, increase the AI value suitably, and there should be certain deviation of the green space area, the AREA-SD value is not better when it is smaller; The CIRCLE-SD, PAFRAC, FRAC-MN value should be increased suitably. There is not clear scale for the CIRCLE-MN value.9.According to the fuzzy synthesis appraisal, the degree that the spatial structure of urban green space system subordinates inⅠstructure is 0.032, subordinates inⅡstructure is 0.014, subordinates inⅢstructure is 0.213, subordinates inⅣstructure is 0.475, subordinates inⅤstructure is 0.266. The urban green space spatial structure is situates betweenⅣandⅤlevel, the degree that subordinates inⅣstructure is biggest, according to the biggest subordination principle, appraises the green space spatial structure of Liaocheng isⅣLevel.10. Adopts the way to unify the macroenvironment green space system and the urban green space system for the green space system overall layout in Liaocheng, plans mixed ecology green space system that is the main spatial structure by "1 link, 3 areas, 9 belts, 12 gardens". Plans the PLAND value of the city opening green space to be bigger than 22.50%, to achieve 30%; AREA-SD value 2.5～3.5; PD value to be smaller than 2/hm~2, ENN-AM value to be smaller than 10m, 91.3443%＜AI＜95%, FRAC-MN value to be bigger than 1.3. Carries on the city corridor green space plan based on the leading wind direction of the city, designs the corridor green space which is consistent with the leadership wind direction of the city to be the pollution discharge corridor, to reduce its PD value and the ENN-AM value as far as possible, to increase its AI value suitably.