Study On Integration Of Emergency Management And Decision Support Of Grassland Fire Disaster

Grassland fire disaster is one of the most important factors which influence the sustainable development of grassland agriculture seriously. Owing to its great suddenness and harmfulness, grassland fire disaster affects economic construction, social stability and seriously hampers the stabilizing production of stockbreeding; meanwhile, it badly threatens the people's living environment and homeland security.Choosing Xilingol, an important cattle-producing area in north China, as the study area, aiming to the weakness of fundamental researches and emergency management in grassland fire disaster science, this paper studied on static risk assessment, dynamic risk assessment, emergency decision management technology of grassland fire disaster, and finally established the grassland fire disaster emergency management and decision support system by integrating these functional modules.Based on the theory of nature disaster risk, namely the nature disaster risk is influenced by hazard of environment, exposure and vulnerability of hazard-affected body and emergency response & recovery capability of society, an index system for risk assessment was set up through analyzing the characteristics of grassland fire disaster and quantifying of influence factors. The contribution rates of factors were calculated by AHP and the assessment results were verified by artificial neural network. Then a static risk map of grassland fire disaster in Xilingol was presented.By remote sensing and GIS technology, the paper discussed to fast monitor and compute burning area based on EOS/MODIS data in the case study, the grassland fire disaster which occurred in April 5, 2006 in Xilingol, then set up the grassland fire disaster dynamic risk assessment model combining with grassland resource data, basal geographic information, social and socioeconomic data and so on, which to realize grassland fire dynamic risk assessment.On the basis of static and dynamic risk assessment of grassland fire disaster, the spatial analysis of GIS such as overlay analysis and network analysis were used to study the optimized distribution of resources for grassland fire disaster emergency management. And a proposal of emergency rescue service for the grassland fire occurred in April 5, 2006 in Xilingol was made.Finally, the risk emergency management and decision support system for grassland fire disaster was integrated by system frame structure design, data organizing and modeling, system function design based on GIS, database technology and network technology and so on. The system integrated the modules of static risk assessment, dynamic risk assessment, and resources optimized distribution of grassland fire disaster. The integrated system is a final researching production which will be an efficient tool for grassland fire administration sections and improve scientific and informational level of grassland fire emergency management.In this paper, a well-defined technology system for grassland fire disaster management is set up,which could provide real-time information and technical support for administration sections to make decision of early warning, real-time monitoring and emergency responding.