Research On The Chemical Constituents And Biological Activities Of Sphaerophysa Salsula (Pall.) DC

Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC is a shrub or a grass widely distributed in the middle of Asia and northwest of China. It is a folk medicine for the treatment of diuresis, detumescense and so on.From the seeds, stems and roots, total 64 compounds were isolated by chromatographic and recrystallized methods. On the basis of analysis of UV, IR, NMR, MS, X-ray data and measuring of physico-chemical characters, 58 of them were identified.From the ethanol extract of the seeds, 46 compounds were identified as isorhamnetin 3-O-(5-O-trans-feruloyl-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (sphaerophyside SA, 1), kaempferol (2), kaempferol 3-O-yff-D-glucopyranoside (3), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(6"-acetyl) glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (5), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin (7), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyran-oside (8), quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (9), myricetin (10), myricetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11), myricetin 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), isorhamnetin (13), isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), 4', 7-dimethoxyisoflavone (15), calycosin (16), 4', 7-dihydroxy-3'-methoxyisoflavone 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (17),mucronulatol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (20), isomucronulatol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (21), isomucronulatol 2'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (22), sphaerophyside SE (41), I'-epimer sphaeroph-yside SE (42), sphaerophysin A (49), piceid (28), cw-piceid (29), methoxyhydroquinone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (30), methoxyhydroquinone-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (31), benzylal-cohol O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (32), 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazolidine-2, 4-dione (34), 5-isobutyl-imidazolidine-2, 4-dione (35), uracil (36), uridine (37), adenosine (38), 1, 2-dihydro-[1, 2, 4] triazol-3-one (39), (2, 5-dioxo-imidazolidin-4-yl)-urea (52), sphaerophysone C (44), sphaerophysone D (45), sphaerophyside SC (47), sphaerophyside SD (48), soyasaponin I (50), soyasaponin I 22-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (51), roseoside (40), 3-methoxyinositol (56), daucosterol (57), β-sitosterol (58).From the polarless part of the extract of the stems and roots, 19 compounds were identified: isorhamnetin (13), isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), 4', 7-dimethoxyisoflavone (15), calycosin (16), mucronulatol (18), isomucronulatol (19), sphaerosin 83 (23), sphaerosin s\ (24), glyasperin H (25), trans-4-[2-(3, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-hydroxyphenol (26), trans-4-[2-(3, 5-dimemoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-2-methoxyphenol (27), sphaerophysone A (43), sphaerophysone B (46), trans-octadecylcoumarate (55), 3-methoxyinositol (56), 5α, 8α-epidioxyergosta-6, 22-dien-3β-ol (53), 3β-hydroxy-stigmast-5-en-7-one (54), daucosterol (57) and β-sitosterol (58). 1, 22, 23, 24, 26, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 and 49 were new compounds, compounds 34, 35, 39 and 52 were new natural products. All the compounds but 13, 14 and 58 were isolated from the plant for the first time. And compound 46 maybe an artifact formed in the isolation procedure.A review on the biosynthesis, pharmacological actions and spectral characters of 9, 19-cycloartane type triterpenoids was given on the base of references and our study work.The anti-oxidative action of some isolated compounds was tested, and some of them showed good antioxidants. The antibacterial activity of some isoflavans was also tested.