A Study On The National Intelligence System Of Truman Administration In The United States

This dissertation focuses on the US national intelligence system in the Truman administration. It highlights the interactions between the system building and the national strategy, analyzing the system’s construction from the standpoint of the strategy`s background and requirement, and on the other hand finding out how the national intelligence as one of the system`s products supports and serves the national strategy.With the coming of the Cold War after World War II, the Truman administration began to build the national intelligence system. In the formally established system, National Security Council played a leading role, Central Intelligence Director charged in the intelligence community,CIA worked as the central coordination institution, and it was consisted of over 10 intelligence institutes such as CIA, National Security Agency,the intelligence research department under the state council, the intelligences of the Land Sea Air department. The course of building and developing the system was not easy, some of the agencies were not sound,the running was not smooth, while it reflected the mind of national strategy from the construction and products, and played an important role in the founding of the US national intelligence system.Preparing and building the system interacted with the national strategy. From a strategic point of view, the system`s construction met the requires of the national strategy in the Truman administration, called for by the era. Making the direction of system by the requirement and adjustment of the strategy, it could be seen in the building of the system`s Mechanism and function, and also the human factors influenced a lot. In the two different phases of limited and comprehensive containment strategy, the demands of the national strategy for the system differed; thereby the strategy played a guiding role by conducting and pushing the system improved by itself.The system`s products can also reflect the interactive relations with the national strategy. As the high-end product, the national intelligenceis the strategic intelligence and the intelligence operation in the high-level supporting and safeguarding the national strategy and interests. The national intelligence has the faction either inflexible or tough, providing the strategic information and taking the operation directly, namely the strategic intelligence and the intelligence operation. The nature of the national intelligence is strategic, which pushed to establish the US cold war strategy, provided the support to the national foreign strategy by intelligence, get the strategic interests by the operations. Therefore, the products of the systems can directly serve for the national strategy.In the recent years, China has done some beneficial exploration and practice in the field of the national security to try to build the corresponding system, so it is good for the possible national intelligence system in the future with the top leading mechanism and strategic requirement`s environment. Chinese government should take in account the building of the national intelligence system under the national security system. We should make the national security strategy lead the system,take good advantage of the National Security Council as the exchange platform of policy-making and intelligence, try hard to strengthen the building of legal guarantee, promote the system established gradually and playing in a proper role. Meanwhile, we should take a scientifically and objective view to deal with the national intelligence, which is one of national power. The ability of making the national intelligence, which should be an indicator of measuring the comprehensive national power,affects the degree of the national strategy policy-making and carryout.The objective of the national intelligence is to strengthen and develop the national interests and pursuit the maximization of interest for now and in a period. To make a good use of the national intelligence as a policy tool, can make a good support and serve for Chinese Strategy implementation and development at present.