| Educational spirit is the highest value of education, which reflects the ultimate good of education and is the ideal aim of the educational value orientation. Education is human-made and serves for human. Its fundamental spirit lies in how to make a person become a "human".The key to become a human being’s is its unique spirit which distinguishes from objects. Becoming a "human" means the full self-realization of a natural person’s potential spirit, which is also the generation process of the virtue, whose inherent requirement is complete freedom. Freedom is indispensable for promoting the birth of a "human".Education’s human-nature foundation can be proved from the study of spirit’s philosophy, human’s generating and complexity, as well as historical changes of educational value orientation. Traditional inspection thinking that treats human beings as objects and some behavior of education materializing human beings confined to the possibility of becoming a "human". As a life existence of given freedom, repression, discipline, and instilling only make a human being no "human" but "object". Education should pursuit the spirit of freely becoming a "human". Only within freedom,it’s probable that experience the generate of a human, which is of fundamental importance for eliminating the predicament of contemporary education.From the spirit’s angle of how to become a "human", based on absolute nature of freedom, I divide the inevitable freedom in the course of being a human into compact and coherent three types:epistemology freedom, practicing freedom and race freedom.Based on the mutual integration position, I interpret complete freedom perspective. Educational freedom in view of educational spirit refers to the people in education exclude from various authoritarian wayward force, interference and discipline, comply with of teachers’guidance and students’autonomous which based on justice, responsibility and conscience so as to promote students to achieve self potential possibility continuously growth process in the cultural heritage and value guidance consisting of truth,good and beauty, which ultimately freely achieves individuality.As the barometer of social environment, the origine of losing educational spirit is not in itself, but must be searched in the society. The problem that education can not make "human" is the reflection of social relationship. It is embodied in three aspects:the character of former culture and its infection on education; the permeability of the political power and the "fierce" control on education, the most typical embodiments are education humanagerialism and false collectivism; trap of economic utilitarian and its "soft" control on education, whose origine is the excessive publicity of the tool-rationality, in this context education consumerism most deeply erodes the educational spirit. Education can’t make "human" is due to the lack of overall educational spirit, but pace up and down between being an object or a tool. It is expected to escape the fate of tooling and construct educational spirit based on free humanity.The construction of educational spirit first needs to implement new liberal education with rich connotation. Secondly it is needed to grasp the multiple value foundation, which is to correctly deal with the relationship among freedom and equality, responsibility, tolerance, conscience and etc in the perspective of being a "human", and "company with" other good values. Finally, it is indispensable for appropriate conditions:the first is the subject condition, teachers should pursue free spirit of intellectuals and persist in educationist behaviors which origine from educational spirit. As subject to freely become "human",students should be cultivated their rational-no-obedient consciousness on the sense of justice.The second is the system condition,we should construct educational system based on securing teachers’and students’negative freedom and make them poetically gallop in free education. |
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