Evolution Of China’s Industrialization

As the core content of modern economic development, industrialization hasn’t been an important indicator of a country’s stage of development and the level of economic development, but also an important driving force to promote the underdeveloped to the developed, which is an insurmountable stage in the process of modernization. It is the industrialization that is the basic content and themes of Chinese development. Dating back to the Westernization Movement in Qing Dynasty, China’s industrialization has150years of history until now. However, in different historical circumstances, the nature and achievement of industrialization is also different. As Marx said,’very similar thing, but it caused appeared completely different results in different historical context.’(Marx,"Give ’motherland Chronicle’ magazine editorial letters"," The Complete Works of Marx and Engels", Volume XIX, People’s Publishing House,1963edition, page131).Development of China ’s industrialization process began after the founding of Republic of China. Though our industrialization has made great achievements, because of the extensive mode of development, industrialization depended on the high input, high consumption, high emission of support and low efficiency of resource use, which led to a shortage of resources, environmental degradation and other issues, so there is a great tradition of industrial development of the state. Under the new historical conditions, we must develop our country based on national conditions, economic globalization and information technology in the international environment, which is different from traditional industrialization and is faster and higher quality. The16th National Party Congress has put forward new way to industrialization, which means that stimulating industrialization with information technology and achieving the target of high technological content, good economic returns, low resources consumption, little environmental pollution and human resource advantages into full. The Seventeenth Party Congress proposed new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, which vigorously promote the integration of information technology and industrialization and promotion of industries to grow stronger. The eighteen Party Congress discussed again that the deep integration of information technology and industrialization, which shows the development trend of the world economy science and technology. Industrialization is the major strategic decisions in China’s basic national conditions, and implements the scientific concept of development, the fundamental guiding principle of transformation of economic development, and is also a major theoretical innovation of China’s industrialization and modernization.This paper does systematic research of China’s industrialization for more than60years with economic theory and historical analysis methods. We discuss China’s industrialization process of evolution from the first30years after the founding of New China to30years after opening up. The former shows the development of New Democratic industrialization to One-sided development of heavy industry industrialization, and the latter Indicates the conversion from Consumer demand-oriented industrialization to new industrialization strategy. The two sides are the new paths of industrialization with Chinese characteristics of inheritance and innovation, discard and transcendence. On this basis, we should handle several relations.In the first chapter,"literature review of Industrialization", we sort out the literature about selection of way to industrialization. Foreign scholars study the way to industrialization from a new perspective of classical economics and development economics. The main researches of Chinese scholars focus on the thoughts of party leaders, which takes advantage of historical analysis and econometric methods, and compares with other industrialized countries in the world. The theory of way to industrialization focuses on the institutional innovation, the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and information technology.The second chapter,"Comparison among the world", is the comparison and conclusion of common characteristics from different countries. This regularity mainly as follows:(1) No matter how complex and hard, the industrial revolution processes are interdependent and mutually reinforcing;(2) In the process of industrialization in countries, basic industries, especially the development of the transport sector is the result of both industrial development, but also a powerful booster for further development;(3) The development of the world market has a considerable role in the major capitalist countries’ industrial revolution. In addition, the process of the major Western capitalist countries’ industrial revolution depends on mostly the invisible hand of the market. The pursue of average profit margin promotes socio-economic structure and rational allocation of resources.In the third chapter," formation and change of Chinese industrialization in the planned economy period", we discuss the course and characteristics of Chinese industrialization in1949-1978. From the practical results, the theoretical results and the presence of errors, and so on, we objectively evaluate the achievements of this phase of industrialization in China, summed up this phase of China’s industrialization experiences and lessons.In the fourth chapter,"Evolution of China’s industrialization after opening up", we study the evolution of China’s industrialization since the reform and opening up. This evolution can be divided into three periods:the early stages of market development path of industrialization and economic transformation (1978to1992); industrial development path of the socialist market economy (1992to2002); socialist new road to industrialization (2002-). Meanwhile, we sum up the experience and lessons of China’s industrialization after reforming and opening up, which further clarify historical inevitability of our country taking a new road to industrialization and elaborating industrialization’s connotation and characteristics.In the fifth chapter," several relationships should be pay attention when develop new-type industrialization", we learn from the experience of domestic and foreign industrialization and should focus attention handle a few relationships, including the relationship between industrialization and information technology; industrialization and urbanization; industry nurturing agriculture, development of relations between virtual economy and real economy development.The innovation lies in this article follows:(1) we conclude experiences and lessons of industrialization since the founding of New China with a systematic theoretical framework of industrialization;(2) we demonstrates the historical inevitability of China’s new way to industrialization;(3) We clearly put forward several relationships that we should pay attention to when develop new way to industrialization, and modernization of agriculture is essential.