Research On Tourism Development Of Resource-exhausted City In China

Because of the long-term disorder, extensive and predatory exploitation, the resource-exhausted cities not only use up the mineral resources and are declining, but also face a series of complex problems, such as the imbalance of economic industry structure, higher unemployment, serious environmental pollution and unsteady society. At the same time, It is clearly stated in the report to the18th national congress of the Communist Party of China that we must vigorously promote the ecological progress to build a beautiful China and realize the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. The problem in the development of resource-exhausted cities and the situation of the mineral being used up and the city declining are totally incompatible with the vision to build a beautiful China. The transformation and sustainable development of the resource-exhausted cities is an important part to build a beautiful China and to realize the Chinese Dream. Tourism has become one of the world’s largest emerging industries. It is clearly specified in national policy that the tourism should be developed as a strategic pillar industry in national economy and a more satisfied modern service industry. The advantages of the low consumption in resources, great driving role, more employment opportunities, and comprehensive benefit in tourism play an important role in promoting the transformation of resource-exhausted cities and the sustainable development and it become one of the hot topics in research at home and abroad. Through collecting, reviewing and analysis the related research at home and abroad, the author found that the further result in the research is relatively scarce.Therefore, this paper focused on the further research in the tourism development of the resource-exhausted city. Based on elaboration of the related theories and research, this paper completely analyze the current situation and problems arising from the tourism development and then problems, discuss the examples and the innate character leaded to their success, comprehensively evaluate the development efficiency, then further search the development approaches of the resource-exhausted city.In this paper, the relative theories and the basic research have been comprehensively summarized and reviewed. The relative theories to analysis the development of the resource-exhausted cities include the theory of sustainable urban development, tourism, marketing and industrial economics. And this paper was also based on the previous research of the definition, classification, problems and transformation of the resource-exhausted city.The driving development mechanism of the resource-exhausted city consists of self-achievement from inside out of the resource-exhausted city and the motivation from outside to inside of the tourism. The driving mechanism provides the theory basis of the tourism development in the city. But through the analysis of the current situation, this paper found that the problems of low-quality of the tourism products exploitation, indistinctness of the tourism positioning and the small scale of the tourism industry are common. Specifically, low-quality of the tourism products exploitation means few high-qualities scenic spots and less exploitation of the remaining industrial relic in the resource-exhausted city. In the tourism industrial scale respect, in a great deal of resource-exhausted cities, the tourism industrial scale and income is low, generally less than the province average level. The scale of the tourism industry is generally low. In the positioning tourism destination image respect, most tourism destination images are similar and lack of fresh.Through analysis the classic example of Blaenzvon industrial landscape, the Ruhr Industrial Area, Jiaozuo and Huangshi, this paper summarized the common successfully-transformed characteristics in the four cities, such as highly promoting by government, paying attention to marketing and launching characteristic tourism products and so on. And this paper also shows the unique successful experiences in the tourism exploitation.With the24prefecture cities in the resource-exhausted city as the object of the research, this paper observed the efficiency of tourism development respectively from static and dynamic aspect. In the static observation, the efficiency are great different between these24resource-exhausted prefecture cities, and there is a big difference between regions. Only a few cities such as Shaoguan, Jiaozuo and Zaozhuang are in the state of efficient. In other cities, compared with them, the tourism development efficiency is not satisfied. This shows that it is still have room to improve in these cities. In the dynamic observation, it is found that, on the whole, the efficiency of development in resource-exhausted cities is in improvement position. And this paper discussed the inside and outside factors which influenced the efficiency.Base on the analysis of the current situation and examples, this paper deeply discussed the way how to develop the resource-exhausted city from macro, medium and micro level. In the level of macro, it can increase the policy support by giving more preferential policies, providing wider and more precise policy coverage, making policies from multiple directions and setting the implementation regulation of the tourism policy and so on. In the level of medium, the consciousness of development can enhanced by strengthening consciousness of the government responsibility, local public participation and tourism enterprise innovation. Then consensus about the tourism development can be reached from government to grass roots and the whole society pay close attention to the transformation of the resource-exhausted city. In the level of micro, the city can innovate by well resource exploitation, optimizing tourism products, improving image, accelerating tourism enterprise and enhancing tourism brand, to solve problems faced by the resource-exhausted city, to improve the efficiency and promote development of the tourism.