Research On Incentive Mechanism Of Paddy Field Conservation In Southern Jiangsu Province

Paddy fields are one of the important agricultural ecological systems. But the reducing speed of paddy field area in economic development region of southern Jiangsu province is very fast.This paper uses the public goods theory, externality theory, ecological service value theory, urban and rural harmonious development theory, regional overall development theory as the guidance, mainly including the following contents: First, it analyses temporal variation characteristics and driving factors of paddy numbers in southern Jiangsu province from 1980 to 2013. It further reveals existing problems and their reasons of paddy fields conservation in southern Jiangsu province.Second, it analyses the value structure of paddy resources and assesses the non-market value of paddy resources.Third, it measures the surplus and deficit amount of interregional and intra regional paddy fields, determining the pay compensation areas and accept compensation areas of paddy fields conservation. Fourth, it summarizes the practical experience of farmland conservation at home and abroad. Fifth, it builds the incentive mechanism of paddy field conservation from many aspects and multiple perspectives, including compensation subject, compensation object, compensation objects, compensation standard, compensation mode and others. Sixth, it makes all measures to ensure incentive mechanism of paddy fields conservation running smoothly.This paper comes to the following conclusions:(1) Rapid development of industrialization and urbanization lead to excessive non-agriculturalization and non-planting grain crops of paddy fields, resulting in paddy field area being decreased sharply. The reason of this phenomenon lies in the existence of market failure and government failure in the process of paddy fields conservation. It needs to establish compensation mechanism of paddy field conservation which takes economic incentive as guide.(2) It uses the contingent valuation method(CVM), estimating willingness to pay(WTP) and willingness to accept(WTA) for ecological benefits and social benefits of paddy resources of the citizens and farmers. And it uses methods of combining Tobit model and Double Hurdle to analyse the significance on influence factors of citizens’ and farmers’ willingness to pay(WTP). In addition, it chooses the mean willingness to pay(WTP) as calculation basis to estimate the non-market value of paddy resources,including ecological value,social value, etc.. The non-market value of paddy resources is 88100 yuan /hm2.(3) Through estimating paddy field deficit/surplus amount of each area, it can make relevant policies, compensation funds from the deficit area of paddy fields transferring payments to the surplus area of paddy fields, from the economic developed areas transferring payments to the relatively economic backward area.It will arouse the enthusiasm of local government and farmers to protect paddy fields, inhibiting their non-agricultural impulse to paddy fields.(4) Establishing multi-level incentive mechanism of interregional and intra regional compensation in combination of paddy field conservation can inspire management subjects of paddy fields and the surplus area of paddy fields providing adequate ecological benefit and social benefit of supply. It not only helps to inhibit the speed of non-agriculturalization of paddy fields of the deficit area in southern Jiangsu Province, but also helps to improve the enthusiasm of local governments and farmers of the surplus area to protect paddy field.The main innovation of this paper lies in the three points as follows:(1) It constructs two levels of incentive mechanism of interregional and intra regional compensation in combination of paddy field conservation. From the perspective of non-market value of paddy resources and the opportunity cost of paddy field conservation, it comprehensively build double-layer incentive mechanism of interregional and intra regional compensation in combination of paddy field conservation. Combining with the two level of compensation mechanism makes the opportunity cost of paddy field conservation and having the attribution of public goods of paddy ecological benefit and social benefit are internalized by means of public finance compensation. Two levels of interregional and intra regional compensation mechanism not only are both common in construction principle,compensation subject, compensation object, compensation standard, compensation mode,operation form,supervision and so on, but also have the difference. It can make full use of social resources to achieve the compensation, improving the operation efficiency of incentive mechanism.(2) It determines the compensation standard of two levels of interregional and intra regional compensation. Compensation standards to the local government and farmers, rural collective of interregional compensation are made on the basis of the opportunity cost of paddy field conservation and spillover value of ecological benefits and social benefits of paddy resources. Compensation standards to the local government and farmers, rural collective of intra regional compensation are made on the basis of the opportunity cost of paddy field conservation and values of ecological benefits and social benefits of paddy resources. The calculation method is mainly the contingent valuation method(CVM). The compensation standard of two levels can ensure the full compensation to protect the paddy fields in southern Jiangsu Province.(3) Combination of the use of Tobit model and Double Hurdle model is an innovative method. Combining with the two models crossly analyses the influence factors of residents’ willingness to pay for ecological benefits and social benefits of paddies. It makes the identified influence factors more close to the actual.