The Study On The Coordinated Development Between The Land Use And Ecological Environment Of Hubei Province

Land is "the Mother of the myriad things", the foundation of human survival and production activities, and one of the most important natural resources. In all of the natural resources, the land resources play an irreplaceable and important role in the social economics operation. On the one hand, the demands for the land resources become bigger and bigger with the development of social economics; on the other hand, the supply of the land resources is short. In addition, the serious land degradation due to the irrational utilization of the limited land resources has caused the problem of the threat to human survival. The sustainable utilization of the land resources is the foundation and an important part of the sustainable development. In order to fully and rationally utilize the limited land resources, the research on the sustainable utilization of land resources is not only an important topic of the land science frontier field, but also an urgent task to realize the regional sustainable development.So far, the sustainable development, a revolutionary concept and mode of development, has being recognized and adopted by majority of countries and governments. And the land resource, which is the medium of any human activities and indispensable physical basis for human existence, is the most significant and essential to achieve this objective. As an all important strategy of central government, the renewal of central China economy is urgent following the opening up of east China, development of west China and promotion of the historic industrial base of northeast China. Hubei province, generally known as "the Thoroughfare of Nine Provinces", is in the middle reach of the Yangtze River and north of the Dongting Lake, where the land resource is fertile in terms of proportion of "mountainous area, river area and farmland area of70%,10%and20%respectively", and where the economy is developed among the six provinces in central China. In Dec2007, the program of constructing the comprehensive reform integral demonstration zone of "1+8" cities circle in aiming at the "two-orientation society"(resource saving society and environment-friendly society) was approved by the state council, an uncommon opportunity for great breakthrough of economic and social development of Hubei province. Nevertheless, it’s necessary to use the land resource in a sustainable manner so as to realize harmonious development of local economy and ecosystem. Therefore, it’s absolutely critical to make profound research on coordinated land use and set up of sound ecosystem so as to achieve sustainable development of human, natural resources, economy, society and ecosystem. In this paper, the author set forth the concepts of "harmonious land use" and "construction of sound ecosystem" for the sake of sustainable development; and the major problems concerning ecological hypothesis of current Hubei province are discovered thru analysis of local ecological footprint; in addition, the ecological sensitive areas in Hubei is zoned and studied by means of level analysis method; furthermore, reasonable proposals are put forth for ecological construction in Hubei under guideline of theories involving land integration and ecological equalization as well as in reference to the modes of friendly land use as employed at home and abroad. The following is the outcome of research(1)The investigation and research on the land utilization condition and the nature environment and social resources of Hubei province shows as follows:The area of the waste mountain and land decreases remarkably; the condition of the soil and water loss is serious; the area of the slop farmland also decreases little; while the area of forest land appears increasing trend, especially the reproducing area of the non-forest land increases remarkably in Hubei province. The decrease and the increase show that the evident effect on the desertification and soil and water loss control has been achieved in Hubei province. The water area has decreased sharply, the regulating and storing floodwater capacity of the lakes has been weakened, and the kind and the amount of the wetland waterfowls decrease distinctively in Hubei province since the year of2000.(2)Every area, city and state in Hubei province are in ecological deficits state. The most serious overload area is Wuhan city, the least is En’shi state. The overload ratio of Hubei province is relative higher compared with the average levels of the world and China, which is11.87times of the average level of the world and3times of that of China. The ecological efficiency of Hubei province is twenty three percent of the average level of the world and less than that of China. The ecological compatibility of Hubei province is worse than United States, Canada, UK, France and German etc and only better than Japan and Korea. All of these show that the ecology of Hubei province is in non-sustainable state.(3)The analysis of ecology sensitivity in Hubei is made by means of AHP (analytic hierarchy process) in terms of classification of five zones, namely, minor ecology sensitive zone, common ecology sensitive zone, intermediate ecology sensitive zone, major ecology sensitive zone and extreme ecology sensitive zone. According to different ecology sensitivities of land use, Hubei can be divided into three categories of land area for ecological construction and conservation.(4)According to the principles and criteria of functional division of environmental-friendly land use and in light of classification of ecology sensitivities for land used, Hubei can be divided into four coordinated development zones; Besides, corresponding modes of environmental-friendly land use are established for individual development zones in addition to solutions for land control in the said areas.