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The EU Internal Service Trade Policy Research

Posted on:2016-06-03Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:L ZuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1109330467497578Subject:World economy
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Nowadays, the development level of the service industry and service trade hasbecome an important reference indicators of a country industrial structure and tradestructure. The level of Chinese service industry is lower, both of service industryoutput value accounted for GDP and service sector employment in total employmentproportion are lower than the average level in the world。Although service trade hasa very big size, among the highest in the world, there are series problems such asunreasonable trade structure, deficit increases, the international competitiveness isnot strong and so on. Thus, drawing on the experience of developed countries,making reasonable service policy to promote the service industry and service tradeof China has a very important practical significance.The European Union is the largest national association in the world, it startedthe process to service integration from the80’s of the twentieth Century, anddeveloped a lot of service development policy. Therefore, the research chooses theEU trade policy in service as angle of view, the decision-making mechanism of EUtrade policy as a starting point, studies the evolution process of internal service tradepolicy evolution process, transportation service policy evolution process and thefinancial services policy, and conducts an evaluation of the two services--therailway transportation and the bank’s policy effect. Through the study we found:The first, the main decision-making process of EU trade policy is the ordinarylegislative procedure, it is a procedure that needs the European Commission putsforward legislation proposal, and the European Parliament and the Council ofministers decided to adopt the proposal not. In addition to the three institutions, otherEU institutions, members, interest groups also play a more and more important rolein the development process of trade policy. The second, through “Completing the Internal Market-White Paper from theCommission to the European Council” and “Single European Act”, the EU launchedthe real service market integration process; from the Lisbon Strategy,it launched theservice internal market strategy; it launched “Services Directive”, the purpose is tobuild the EU services market to be a real internal service unified market. But so far,the EU internal market still exists many barriers, there are still gaps in serviceunified market.The third, the White Paper is important to the transportation service policy,from1992White Paper, to2001White Paper and2011White Paper, transportationservice policy of the EU has turned from only focus on the economic level to thethree aspects on the economic level, social level and environment level.The forth, the development of financial services policy mainly reflected onFSAP, White Paper for financial service, and2009Financial Services Reform Plan.The policy focus has turned from wholesale financial services integration,integration of financial services to maintain the stability of retail financial servicesThe fifth, through the analysis of EU transportation service market openingpolicy effect we found that: the EU Common transport policy has successfully madethe most of the transport service department to achieve the internal transportationservice market opening. But the degree of openness is obviously lower thanexpectations, transport services market still exist many administrative obstacles. Theopening of rail freight transportation service market progress obviously, the numberof participating in the competition of enterprises has improved, share of new entrantsis increasing. But opening of the railway passenger transport service market is slow,only some members’ market opening has a small increase. Liberalization level ofsome members even reverse, such as France, Spain and AustriaThe sixth, through the analysis of bank prudential regulatory policy effect wefound: the first, in the aspect of whether capital can reflect the risks, the core capitalratio and index reflecting the risk rise together, we can get that the capital couldreflect the risks to a certain extent, but whether capital can really reflect the risk, we need a further observation to a conclusion. The second, in the aspect of improvingthe level of risk management, the performance of index has complex results. Thenumber of IRB banks increased can reflect the level of bank risk management, wecan get the conclusion about the relationship. From the bank level credit and loanloss, the level of bank risk management decreased, but we cannot get the conclusionabout their relationship. Because of the financial crisis and sovereign debt crisis,bank risk is increasing, we can understand the bank credit downgrades and loanlosses, the relationship needs a further analysis after the very period. The third, in theaspect of coordinate regulation, compliance costs increase the bank’s operating costsand investment costs. Besides that, the main reason for increase in cross-border bankmergers and acquisitions activity is commercial considerations, thus the EU needs tocontinue to promote the integration of regulatory measures. The forth, in the end, thenumber of banking crisis is rising, but we cannot get the conclusion that financialservice policy is invalid. For the rising of banking crisis is under specificenvironment, we need a further analysis.The seventh, through the analysis to bank payment policy we found: therelationship between electronic money enterprises and electronic currency trading isnot obviously, the reason is: the first, the number of electronic money enterprises issmall, the proportion of electronic currency trading is small. The third, electronicmoney is mainly issued by the traditional bank, so the main cause of the rapiddevelopment of electronic money market is the euro and market factors, only partly"Electronic Money Order". In addition, the EU cross-border payment cost decreasedsignificantly during2003-2005, that means "the euro cross-border paymentregulations" has an obvious effect.
Keywords/Search Tags:service trade policy, develop procedures, evolution process, effect evaluation, enlightenment
PDF Full Text Request
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