Research On Regional Economic Development Of Mongolia

Mongolia is a landlocked country with vast territory, enormous resources butsparse population. Since the beginning of the1990s, Mongolia has launched a drasticreform, converting traditional planned economy to market-oriented economy. At theearly stage of the reform, the country went through a serious economic depression. Inrecent years, under the circumstances of proper governmental guidance andnation-wide endeavor along with economic aids from other countries, Mongolia hasovercome the tough situation and showed a tendency in sound economic growth. Withannual GDP growth rate peaking to8.2%, Mongolia has achieved world-wide attentionfor its significant economic success since the21stcentury. Though the economicdevelopment as a whole country is rapid, the gaps between different regions areextending, especially the inequality of Ulaanbaatar region and Western region. Theuneven regional development will impede the constant growth of Mongolian economy.In order to narrow the gap and maintain a healthy economic situation, it requires adeep research into impact factors causing the regional development differences.According to previous researches from home and abroad, there is a lacking inregional development area. Instead, most researches are studies of transition economyin Mongolia and external trades with other countries. Given the circumstances, thethesis concentrates on regional development of Mongolia. Based on predecessorresearch results, the thesis analyzes the relevance between various impact factors andregional economic growth in Mongolia, then offers specific developing strategies andproposals for the issue.The thesis contains6chapters. The first chapter is preface. It discusses thebackground, objectives and significance of the research, also provides literaturereviews of previous studies.The second chapter is an introduction of related theories. It summarizes generaltheories in regional economic development, offering a theoretical basis for thefollowing research. The third chapter comprises two parts. The first part gives a general situation ofdifferent regions in Mongolia. The second part focus on the developing history andcurrent state of regional economy in Mongolia.The fourth chapter analyzes impact factors of regional economic development inMongolia, combining theoretical basis with Mongolian practical situation. Onmacroscopic level, the impact factors are natural resources, economic structure, policyinstitution and social culture. On microscopic level, the impact factors can be dividedinto geographical location, resource distribution, ecological environment, industrialstructure, industrialized state, science technology, urbanization process, baseinfrastructure, consumption level, fiscal policy, monetary policy, education level,population and human development.The fifth chapter provides an empirical analysis on the impact factors individually.Using the SPSS17.0software, the thesis studies the correlation selected indicators andeconomic development from national level and regional level.The sixth chapter presents specific strategies and proposals for regional economicdevelopment. Current problems of regional development incoherence lie in poorgovernmental execution, lagged technologies, inadequate human resources, heavy debtburdens, unreasonable industrial structure and malicious external influences.Therefore, the thesis put forward suggestions as follows:1. Establish a thorough system of laws and policies for balanced regionaldevelopment.2. Protect natural environment and exploit into efficient tourism development.3. Reinforce science technologies and education investment, expand importingapproaches of human resources.4. Focus on constructions of base infrastructures, in order to attract more civil andforeign investment.5. Optimize industrial structure and seek innovation of production modes inleading industries.