Research On The Interactive Relationship Between Talent Cultivation And Labor Market In American Higher Education Under The Background Of Globalization

Under the background of globalization, the American higher education personnel training can accurately predict, scientifically orient, agility adopt and flexibly lead the labor market. Labor market promotes the change of personnel training in colleges and Universities. Even in times of financial crisis, the workforce who gets higher education can get a better job. Grasping the nature and regular pattern of interactive of higher education personnel training and labor market are meaningful to build the personnel training mechanism and promote the students employment in China. The study tries to sum up the essence and trends of the interaction relationship between higher education personnel training and labor market through analysis and demonstration from the dual preservative of higher education and labor economics.The interactive between higher education personnel training and labor market has strong theoretical foundation. Globalization theory provides the theoretical foundation for market philosophy and the "internationalization" goal of personnel training. The era of knowledge-driven economy and the transformation of knowledge production mode is the guarantee for the competitive advantage of "knowledge-based" talents and knowledge transfer to capital. The new institutionalism theory provides the theoretical foundation for building the modern university system and system innovation in labor market. The labor market supply and demand equilibrium theory provides the theoretical foundation for the equilibrium targets of the personnel training and the labor market.From the view of history, the relationship between the higher education personnel training and labor market in the United States experienced a complicated evolvement. During the elite stage of higher education, the link between them was weak. With the transition to the era of mass higher education, the link between the two gradually formed. In the era of mass higher education, higher education personnel training adapt itself to the labor market, and the link between them was strengthened.From the perspective of globalization of higher education, the internationalization of higher education makes the American realizing that if they want to be in the dominant place of globe competitiveness, it’s necessary to implement the reform of personnel training, and personnel training reforms have a profound impact on the labor market. The expansion of higher education increases the number of higher education workforce in the labor market, the reform of higher education personnel training modes bring changes of hierarchy in labor market, high-level labor forces improve their professional competence and enhance their appropriateness to the labor market. The reform of higher education curriculum and teaching improves the quality of high-level labor force.From the perspective of labor market, due to economic globalization, the mobility, flexibility and participation of labor market has increased and this requires a higher quality of workforce. Higher education workforce has a higher employment, lower unemployment and higher wage level in the labor market and promotes the expansion of higher education. The increasing skill requirements of knowledge-based workforce, and the diversification and flexibility in the labor marker advanced the structural change in higher education. The new standard of employers promotes the structural change of personnel training in colleges and universities.In order to promote the interactive of higher education personnel training and labor market in the era of globalization, the U.S. colleges and universities use their advantage to build their own training model. Duke University takes the advantage of international faculty and campus construction resources, with the course of discussion globe issues and various teaching methods to develop "citizen of the world", under the guidance of "practical education" and its geographical advantage of near Silicon Valley, and by Combination of involving production, teaching and research, Stanford University train practical talents with global visions. Paul’s college emphasizes the concept of the market, change curriculum and teaching at any time if based on market conditions, and want to train application-oriented talents. Michigan State University uses the advantages of their students are from all over the world, emphasis on the developing of practical ability under the multiculturalism circumstance, and build a "clinical practice" training mode. Their common features are to train practical talents with global vision.There exists an interaction between higher education personnel training and labor market. The interaction is based on the excitation mechanism of labor market and the self-regulatory mechanism of higher education. The excitation mechanism of labor market include Wage determination mechanism, market radius and resource allocation mechanism, employment protection mechanism, unemployment insurance system and labor market signaling mechanism. Those mechanism stimulate higher education adapt to the labor market. Under the gaming of its own disciplinarian and market philosophy, the higher education personnel raining adapt and lead the development of the labor market. The interaction process has obvious characteristics and its trend is intersection and superposition.The basic findings of the interactive between U.S. higher education personnel training and labor market with the background of globalization include:The labor market is the driving force of change in higher education personnel training, modern university system is the institutional safeguards of higher education personnel training in the era of globalization, the excitation mechanism of labor market and the self-regulatory mechanism of higher education promote the good interaction together. Their is a kind of necessary tension between higher education personnel training and labor market, this necessary tension not only advances the responsiveness of higher education to the labor market, but also preserves the characteristics of higher education institutions as organization to dismiss, create and apply knowledge. Combined with the American experience, the reflection and inspiration of this study are as follows:build reasonable personnel training system in higher education in order to adapt to the needs of the labor market, achieve the deep development of higher education personnel training in order to lead the development of labor market, and clarify the problem of incentive compatibility in order to promote the innovation of modern university system.